Biochemistry
What is the basic unit of a protein?
What is amino acid
Which molecule carries the genetic instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome?
A. DNA
B. tRNA
C. mRNA
D. rRNA
C. mRNA
What is the major source of variation in populations?
Mutations
What are plant cell walls made of?
a) cellulose
b) chitin
c) carbohydrates
What is cellulose
This type of cell has a cell wall and is a heterotroph that absorbs its food
What is fungi?
Which is NOT part of photosynthesis?
a) Krebs cycle
b) the electron transport chain
c) Calvin cycle
What is Krebs cycle
What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?
A. To provide energy for reactions
B. To slow down chemical reactions
C. To carry genetic information
D. To speed up chemical reactions
D. speed up reactions
What happens to the allele frequency of a beneficial trait in a population.
Allele frequency of beneficial traits increase in a population.
Name anything that can prevent an enzyme from working properly
What are temperature or pH change or competitive/allosteric inhibition
This is the correct sequence of protein production
What is transcription --> translation, or nucleus --> ribosome --> Golgi body
The Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) takes place here.
a) chloroplast
b) lysosome
c) mitochondria
What is the mitochondria (mitochondrial matrix)
A strand of DNA has the sequence A-T-G-C-C-A. What is the complementary DNA strand?
A. T-A-C-G-G-T
B. U-A-C-G-G-U
C. A-U-G-C-C-A
D. T-U-G-C-C-U
A. T-A-C-G-G-T
Who was the scientist known for bringing attention to the study of evolution in the 1800s?
Charles Darwin
Name 2 out of the 4 macromolecules that are needed to live
What are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids/fats, or nucleic acids
One of these proteins completely span the hydrophobic interior of the plasma membrane.
a) channel protein
b) integral protein
c) storage proteins
What is an integral protein?
Which cellular structure is directly responsible for assembling proteins?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
What are 2 of the 5 conditions required for a population to be at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (maintaining a stable, non-evolving population)?
1. Large population size 2. No migration 3. No mutation 4. Random mating 5. No natural selection
The process by which macromolecules are joined together is called _______ and the process where they are broken down is called ________.
a) biomolecule fusion and decomposition
b) biomolecule formation and destruction
c) dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis
What are dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis
This is what happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution.
It becomes turgid/Water moves into the cell and it grows
These are the two main processes of photosynthesis.
a) polarization and glucose fermentation
b) light dependent and light independent reactions
c) chlorofission and Broca's reaction
What are the light dependent and light independent reactions?
What occurs during the process of transcription?
A. A protein is assembled from amino acids.
B. DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA.
C. mRNA is converted into tRNA.
D. An enzyme breaks down a protein into amino acids.
B. DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA