Selection that favors BOTH of the extremes (or both homozygotes). A population of black, white and gray rabbits in an environment with black and white rocks could serve as an example of this. Black rabbits could hide in black rocks and white rabbits could hide in white rocks. The gray rabbits would have a hard time hiding anywhere.
What is disruptive selection?
100
Selection in which humans choose desirable traits and breed organisms accordingly.
What is artificial selection?
100
Fill in the blank:
If a population is said to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, it is __________.
What is not evolving?
100
Five types of evidence for evolution.
What are fossil evidence, biogeographical evidence, anotomical evidence, biochemical evidence, embryological (developmental) evidence?
200
The disproportionate representation of a certain allele due to a population at one point being reduced to a select few individuals that had a high representation of this allele. The Askenazi Jews are an example of this. During WWII, their populations decreased significantly. By chance the remaining population had a high number of the allele that codes for the deadly disease, Tay-Sachs.
What is bottleneck effect?
200
A trait or behavior that helps one survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
200
How you use the Hardy-Weinberg equations to determine if a population is evolving.
What is if p and q change over time?
200
This is demonstrated when organisms are anatomically similar.
What are homologous structures resulting from a common ancestor.
300
Selection that causes an increase in allele frequency of a specific allele, or one or the other of the homozygous genotypes. The increase of beak size in finches due to a high proportion of large seeds in an ecosystem could be considered an example of this.
What is directional selection?
300
The definition of evolutionary fitness.
What is the ability to survive and reproduce?
300
In corn, yellow kernel color is governed by a dominant allele; white, by its recessive allele. A random sample of 1,000 kernels from a population that is in equilibrium reveals that 910 are yellow and 90 are white. What are the frequencies of the yellow and white alleles in this population? What is the percentage of heterozygous in this population?
What is p=0.7, q=0.3? 42%?
300
Structures that serve the same function but originated independently in different groups.
What are analogous structures?
400
Selection that leads to a high proportion of heterozygotes due to the heterozygote advantage. Sickle cell is an example of this.
We also looked at the average clutch size of Swiss starlings.
What is stabilizing selection?
400
The idea that parents can pass on traits acquired within their lifetime to their offspring was credited to Lamark and long thought to be entirely incorrect.
What is the inheritance of acquired characteristics?
400
Within a population of butterflies, the color brown (B) is dominant over the color white (b). And, 40% of all butterflies are white. Calculate the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals.
What is 0.135?
400
Hox genes or homebox genes orchestrate the development of the body plan in all animals, from invertebrates to humans. This is evidence for
What is a common ancestor?
500
One of the causes of allopatric speciation.
What is geographic or physical barriers.
500
The fundamental difference between Darwin and Lamark's theory of evolution.
What is the mechanism causing evolution--Lamark: use and disuse, Darwin:natural selection?
500
After graduation, you and 19 of your closest friends (lets say 10 males and 10 females) charter a plane to go on a round-the-world tour. Unfortunately, you all crash land (safely) on a deserted island. No one finds you and you start a new population totally isolated from the rest of the world. Two of your friends carry (i.e. are heterozygous for) the recessive cystic fibrosis allele (c). Assuming that the frequency of this allele does not change as the population grows, what will be the incidence of cystic fibrosis on your island?
What is 0.25%?
500
Cytochrome c is a small protein that plays a role in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. Describe the evidence type it represents and how it is used as evidence.
What is biochemical evidence. The differences in amino acid sequences suggest the relatedness of organisms.