Enzymes
Chemical Processes
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
100
This type of macromolecule makes up most enzymes.
What is a protein?
100
The process of breaking down a polymer by adding water.
What is hydrolysis?
100
This is the monomer of carbohydrates.
What is a monosaccharide?
100
This part of a phospholipids is hydrophlic.
What is the phosphate head?
100
This is the monomer of nucleic acids.
What is a nucleotide?
100
The monomers of proteins?
What are amino acids?
200
This term describes the specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme.
What is the active site?
200
This process links monomers by removing a water molecule.
What is dehydration sythesis?
200
This carbohydrate polymer acts as a "bank" of stored in plants.
What is starch?
200
These fats are liquid at room temperate due to their double bonds.
What are unsaturated fats?
200
The nitrogenous bases unique to RNA and DNA.
What are uracil (RNA) and thymine (DNA)?
200
This term refers to proteins that speed up reactions without being consumes.
What are enzymes?
300
This process occurs when an enzyme's shape changes due to factors like pH or temperature, making it nonfunctional.
What is denaturation?
300
This is the total energy change in a reaction, often labeled as ΔG.
What is free energy?
300
This carbohydrate in animals serves as an energy storage molecule and is similar to starch in plants.
What is glycogen?
300
This type os lipid serves as the building block for hormones like testosterone and estrogen.
What are steroids?
300
This image showcases the structure of this nucleic acid.
What is DNA?
300
The type of bond that links amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
What is a peptide bond?
400
These two types of enzyme inhibitors differ by where they bind to the enzyme.
What are competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors?
400
This is the energy barrier that enzymes help lower.
What is activation energy?
400
This bond connects monosaccharides to form polysaccharides.
What is a glycosidic linkage?
400
Lipids are hydrophobic because they mostly consist of these kind of bonds.
What are non-polar covalent bonds?
400
This molecule carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis?
What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?
400
This level of protein structure involves alpha-helices and beta sheets.
What is secondary structure?
500
The term used when an enzyme's activity is regulated by molecules binding to a site other than the active site.
What is allosteric regulation?
500
Enzymes help reactions reach this state, where bonds are breaking and forming.
What is the transition state?
500
Carbohydrates can often be identified by their molecular formula being a multiple of this.
What is CH2O?
500
The formation of a lipid bilayer in water is driven by this property of phospholipids.
What is being amphipathic (having hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts)?
500
This is the process by which information in DNA directs protein synthesis?
What is gene expression?
500
The replacement of a single amino acid in this protein can cause sickle cell disease.
What is hemoglobin?