Chemistry of Life
This zigzag-esque pattern is one of two ways a secondary structure protein can fold.
What are beta-pleated sheets?
This circular DNA strand allows bacteria to transfer genetic information to other bacterial cells.
What is a plasmid?
This type of reaction, such as photosynthesis, results in products with more energy than their reactants.
What is endergonic?
During cytokinesis, part of telophase, this is the indentation on which the cytoplasm separates and the cell splits.
What is the cleavage furrow?
An ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes in a cell.
What is a karyotype?
This polysaccharide made up of glucose monomers makes cell walls and provides structure to plants.
What is cellulose?
This model describes the liquid-like state of cell membranes and the proteins embedded within them.
What is the Fluid-Mosaic Model?
This term describes a type of enzyme-substrate in which the enzyme slightly changes shape to accommodate the shape of substrates.
What is induced fit?
Type II Diabetes is caused by an issue in this step of signal transduction, in which healthy insulin is unable to bind to tyrosine kinases.
What is reception?
This subgroup of people is more likely to develop a genetic disease, such as hemophilia or color vision deficiency, that is "linked" to a specific chromosome.
Who are males?
This type of reaction bonds two molecules by forming a water molecule, such as the formation of a disaccharide.
What is Dehydration Synthesis?
A solvent can be considered as having this quality when a cell submerged in it has a lower solute concentration.
What is hypertonic?
The term describes the resulting potential energy caused by protein pumps within the Electron Transport Chain, ultimately responsible for the products of ATP synthase.
Cancer is caused by the uncontrollable replication of cells, resulting from a mutation that allows them to avoid this, a form of programmed cell death.
What is apoptosis?
This is the phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross of two dihybrid individuals.
What is 9:3:3:1?
An amino acid is typically made up of an R Group, a Hydrogen atom, an Amino Group, and this.
What is a Carboxyl Group? (-COOH)
Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic issue caused by a mutation in the DNA for the HEXA gene, eventually causing stunted activity of this organelle, which leads to a harmful buildup of lipids in the cells.
What are lysosomes?
This is the process of splitting water molecules with sunlight to replenish electrons in the thylakoid.
What is photolysis?
A cell will not undergo mitosis successfully if the kinetochores and spindle fibers do not align correctly in this phase.
What is metaphase?
These are two ways meiosis can influence genetic variation.
What is recombination/crossing over and independent assortment?
A phospholipid, with its hydrophobic fatty acid tails and its hydrophilic phosphate head, is considered to be this, meaning both polar and nonpolar.
This cell feature allows for the direct transfer of molecules and communication between adjacent plant cells.
What are plasmodesmata?
These cells house the light-independent reactions of C4 plants.
What are bundle-sheath cells?
Different forms of these enzymes are activated by cyclins at the beginning of each phase of mitosis, which phosphorylates proteins necessary to complete that step of mitosis.
What are Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)?
Down Syndrome, or Trisome 21, results from the presence of an extra 21 chromosome following an error in meiosis, known as this.
What is nondisjunction?