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Structure of DNA
DNA Replication and Transcription
Protein Synthesis
Gene Regulation
Bacteria, Viruses, and Technology oh my!
100
The nitrogenous base adenine pairs with ________ in DNA, but _________ in RNA.
What are THYMINE and URACIL?
100
This enzyme unwinds the DNA molecule before DNA replication.
What is HELICASE?
100
This organelle is responsible for building proteins.
What are RIBOSOMES?
100
Eukaryotic DNA is coiled into these highly condensed structures.
What are CHROMOSOMES?
100
This is a piece of circular bacterial DNA.
What is a PLASMID?
200

The shape of DNA, first published by Watson & Crick, is described as this. 

What is a double helix? 

200

Process by which RNA is produced using a DNA template.

What is TRANSCRIPTION?

200
Proteins are long chains made up of this type of molecule.
What are AMINO ACIDS?
200
This enzyme must bind to the promoter region of DNA in order to begin protein synthesis.
What is RNA POLYMERASE?
200
This type of protein is used to cut DNA at a particular sequence.
What is a RESTRICTION ENZYME?
300
DNA is a polymer made up of monomers called __________.
What are nucleotides.
300

This enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being copied during DNA replication.

What is DNA POLYMERASE?

300
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and binds to mRNA based on its anticodon.
What is tRNA?
300

The reason why some point mutations result in no difference of polypeptide structure.

What is REDUNDANCY?

300

Plasmids often contain genes for ___________ resistance, because this can be used to test whether or not cells have incorporated the plasmid.

What is ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE?

400

Cells that contain only circular chromosomes.

What are prokaryotes?

400

The enzyme responsible for attaching okazaki fragments together.

What is LIGASE?

400

The start codon found on mRNA responsible for the initiation of translation.

What is AUG?

400
Sequences of genes that are removed from mRNA before translation are called ____________.
What are INTRONS?
400

The enzyme responsible in retroviruses to create DNA from a viral RNA template.

What is REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE?

500
Adenine and ___________ are both purines, while cytosine and ___________ are both pyrimidines.
What are GUANINE and THYMINE?
500

The process by which noncoding sequences are removed from a newly synthesized RNA molecule.

What is SPLICING? 

500

Transcription and translation are the two steps of protein synthesis. Where does each step occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes- both in cytoplasm Eukaryotes- Transcription in nucleus; translation in cytoplasm

500

Enzyme that removes introns from premRNA prior to translation in eukaryotes.

What is a spliceosome?

500
The two steps of inserting an engineered plasmid into a bacteria are ____________ and _____________.
What are RECOMBINATION and TRANSFORMATION?