Structure of DNA
The phase of the cell cycle during which cells divide is known as this.
What is Cytokinesis?
This organelle is responsible for building proteins.
What are RIBOSOMES?
Eukaryotic DNA is coiled into these highly condensed structures.
What are CHROMOSOMES?
This is a piece of circular DNA that helps protect bacteria.
What is a PLASMID?
The shape of DNA, first published by Watson & Crick, is described as this.
What is a double helix?
This enzyme unwinds the DNA molecule before DNA replication.
What is HELICASE?
Proteins are long chains made up of this type of molecule.
What are AMINO ACIDS?
This enzyme must bind to the promoter region of DNA in order to begin transcription.
What is RNA POLYMERASE?
This type of protein is used to cut DNA at a particular sequence.
What is a RESTRICTION ENZYME?
DNA is a polymer made up of monomers called __________.
What are nucleotides.
This disease can result when cells divide uncontrollably and more frequently than usual.
What is CANCER?
These are the two steps of protein synthesis. 100
BONUS: Where does each step occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
What are TRANSCRIPTION and TRANSLATION?
BONUS: Prokaryotes- both in cytoplasm
Eukaryotes- Transcription in nucleus; translation in cytoplasm
Sequences of genes that are removed from mRNA before translation are called ____________.
What are INTRONS?
Gel Electrophoresis separates DNA & RNA by this
What is SIZE and CHARGE?
This sugar is part of the backbone of the DNA molecule.
What is deoxyribose?
This enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being copied during DNA replication.
What is DNA POLYMERASE?
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and binds to mRNA based on its anticodon.
What is tRNA?
Chromatin is wound around this protein when DNA is in its highly condensed form.
What is a HISTONE?
The two steps of inserting an engineered plasmid into a bacteria are ____________ and _____________.
What are RECOMBINATION and TRANSFORMATION?
___________________ and ___________ are both purines, while ___________, ______________ and ___________ are pyrimidines.
What are ADENINE and GUANINE: CYTOSINE, THYMINE, URACIL?
These two types of proteins are responsible for regulating cell division and destroying improperly dividing cells. BONUS (100): When cells are destroyed, they go through this process.
What are CYCLIN and CDKs? BONUS: What is APOPTOSIS?
Amino acids are linked together with this type of bond.
What is a PEPTIDE BOND?
The addition of this type of molecule allows chromatin to unwind in eukaryotic DNA so that transcription occurs.
What is an ACETYL GROUP (Acetylation)
The enzyme that recognizes and cuts specific RNA sequences in the CRISPR system is called __________.
What is Cas9?