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Structure of DNA
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
Protein Synthesis
Gene Regulation
Misc.
100
The nitrogenous base adenine pairs with ________ in DNA, but _________ in RNA.
What are THYMINE and URACIL?
100

The phase of the cell cycle during which cells divide is known as this. BONUS (100): When cells are not dividing, they are in this phase.

What is MITOSIS? BONUS: What is INTERPHASE.

100
This organelle is responsible for building proteins.
What are RIBOSOMES?
100
Eukaryotic DNA is coiled into these highly condensed structures.
What are CHROMOSOMES?
100
In order to dispense 100 microliters of liquid, you would use what tool?

What is a P200 MICROPIPETTE

200
The shape of DNA, first published by Watson & Crick, is described as this. BONUS (100): What is the name of the scientist whose data Watson & Crick used without permission to form their hypothesis:
What is a double helix? BONUS: Who is Rosalind Franklin?
200

The location in the cell in which DNA replicates.

What is THE NUCLEUS?

200
Proteins are long chains made up of this type of molecule.
What are AMINO ACIDS?
200
This enzyme must bind to the promoter region of DNA in order to begin protein synthesis.
What is RNA POLYMERASE?
200

The complementary strand of RNA for this codon (GTA) would be what?

What is CAU?

300
DNA is a polymer made up of monomers called __________.
What are nucleotides.
300

This enzyme unwinds the DNA molecule before DNA replication.

What is HELICASE?

300

These are the two steps of protein synthesis. BONUS (100 points): Where does each step occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

What are TRANSCRIPTION and TRANSLATION? BONUS: Prokaryotes- both in cytoplasm Eukaryotes- Transcription in nucleus; translation in cytoplasm

300

One reason why genes may not code for protein could be...

What is lack of nutrients, the gene is turned off, you don't need the protein, etc.

300

New DNA is synthesized in the _____ to ______ direction?

What is 5' to 3'?

400
This sugar is part of the backbone of the DNA molecule.
What is deoxyribose?
400
This enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being copied during DNA replication.
What is DNA POLYMERASE?
400
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and binds to mRNA based on its anticodon.
What is tRNA?
400
Chromatin is wound around this protein when DNA is in its highly condensed form.
What is a HISTONE?
400

The name of the 3 nucleotide sequence on the tRNA molecule is called the what?

What is ANTICODON?

500
Adenine and ___________ are both purines, while cytosine and ___________ are both pyrimidines.
What are GUANINE and THYMINE?
500

What is the name of the proteins used to prevent supercoiling during DNA replication?

What is TOPOISOMERASE?

500
Amino acids are linked together with this type of bond.
What is a PEPTIDE BOND?
500
Sequences of genes that are removed from mRNA before translation are called ____________.
What are INTRONS?
500

This is a piece of circular bacterial DNA.

What is a PLASMID?