Animal Behavior
A type of learning that occurs when an animal forms a social attachment shortly after birth.
What is imprinting?
In an ecosystem where GPP is 2,000 kcal/m²/year and respiration by primary producers is 1,200 kcal/m²/year, what is the NPP?
What is 800 kcal/m²/year?
A population has a birth rate of 0.4 and a death rate of 0.2. What is the intrinsic growth rate (r)?
What is 0.2?
Relationship where both species benefit.
What is mutualism?
The introduction of Burmese pythons in the Florida Everglades is an example of what ecological threat?
What is an invasive species
This behavior increases an individual’s fitness by helping relatives, even at a cost to the helper.
What is altruism?
The efficiency of energy transfer from one trophic level to the next is typically what percentage?
What is about 10%?
Using the equation dN/dt = rN, calculate the population growth if r = 0.3 and N = 400.
What is 120?
The role an organism plays in its environment.
What is a niche?
The variety of species in an ecosystem.
What is biodiversity?
A change in behavior due to repeated exposure to a stimulus with no positive or negative consequence.
What is habituation?
This process returns carbon to the atmosphere from living organisms.
What is cellular respiration?
DAILY DOUBLE!!
In the logistic growth model, what happens to the value of dN/dt as N approaches K?
What is it approaches 0 (growth slows)?
One species benefits while the other is harmed.
What is parasitism or predation?
Greenhouse gas released by burning fossil fuels.
What is carbon dioxide (CO₂)?
When animals learn to associate a particular stimulus with a reward or punishment, it's this kind of learning.
What is associative learning (like classical or operant conditioning)?
In a grassland ecosystem, primary producers have an NPP of 600 kcal/m²/year and herbivores consume 300 kcal/m²/year of plant material. If only 90 kcal/m²/year is incorporated into herbivore biomass, what is the production efficiency of the herbivores?
(Production efficiency = [90 ÷ 300] × 100 = 30%)
A population starts with 100 individuals and grows exponentially with r = 0.1. How many individuals after 3 time units?
What is approximately 134 individuals?
In a tide pool, the removal of starfish causes a decline in biodiversity. What role do starfish play?
What is a keystone species?
What is the primary ecological consequence of habitat fragmentation?
What is a decrease in biodiversity?
DAILY DOUBLE!!
A type of innate behavior that is triggered by a specific stimulus and continues to completion once initiated.
What is a fixed action pattern?
In a simplified food chain, primary producers capture 1,000,000 joules of energy from the sun. Using the 10% rule, calculate how many joules of energy would be available to a tertiary consumer.
(1,000,000 → 100,000 (primary consumer) → 10,000 (secondary) → 1,000 (tertiary) using 10% transfer at each level)
A population of 1,000 has r = 0.2 and K = 1,500. Use the logistic model. What is dN/dt?
What is about 67 individuals?
The number of different species in a community and their relative abundance describe what?
What is species diversity?
Calculate the biodiversity index of a sample where 10 individuals belong to species A, 15 to species B, and 5 to species C. Use Simpson’s index:
D = 1 - [Σ(n/N)²]
What is ~.62
(anything from .6-.64 acceptable)