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Genetics
Water and Life
Acids and Basics
Macromolecules
Miscellaneous
100
What does the term "Codominance" mean?
Another variation on dominance relationships between alleles
100
When one atom is bonded to a more electronegative atom, the electrons of the bond are not shared equally. This type of bond is known as?
Polar Covalent bond.
100
A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a substance is called a what. Give an example.
An acid. Examples include (but are not limited to): battery acid, gastric and lemon juice, vinegar, wine, black coffee, and rainwater
100
Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides, are all examples of what macromolecule group? And what is it's main function?
Carbohydrates whose main function is to serve as fuel and building material
100
An R-group, a carbon, a hydrogen, a carboxyl, and an amino group make up what?
An Amino acid
200
What occurs during "Epistasis"?
The phenotypic expression of a gene at one locus alters that of a gene at a second locus.
200
A hydrogen bond is the noncoalent attraction between what two atoms?
A hydrogen and an electronegative atom
200
Milk of magnesia, oven cleaner, and household bleach are all examples of what?
Bases
200
A diverse group of hydrophobic molecules who are an important energy source are_______? Give at least one example.
Lipids. Examples can include triacylglycerols, phospholipids, and steroids
200
What is an intermediate formed when a substrate molecule interacts with the active site of an enzyme.
an enzyme/substrate complex
300
What does the "Law of Independent Assortment" state?
It states that "Each pair of alleles segregates independently of each other pair of alleles during gamete formation"
300
Unlike other materials, water does not contract and become more denser. Water ______
Expands
300
When carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, it creates carbonic acid when it reacts with water, this lowers an ocean's pH. What is this process known as?
Ocean Acidification
300
Enzymes , structural proteins, storage proteins, transport proteins, hormones, receptor proteins, motor proteins and defensive proteins, are all examples of what macromolecule group? What ids this group's function?
Proteins, who result in a wide range of functions, including, the catalyze of chemical reactions, the storing of amino acids, transport of substances, receiving signals form outside cell, and protect against disease.
300
Define an endergonic reaction
One that absorbs free energy from its surroundings
400
What is a Punnett square used for?
predicting the allele composition of offspring from a cross between individuals of known genetic makeup.
400
what do hydrogen bonds due during the liquid stet of water?
They break and re-form, unlike the solid state in which they are stable.
400
Acid precipitation refers to rain, snow, or fog that have a pH lower than what number?
Lower than 5.2
400
Nucleic acids are in charge of storing what type of information?
Hereditary information
400
What is the process that uses an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one?
Energy Coupling
500
What is the ability of a single gene to have multiple effects?
Pleiotropy
500
Explain the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances.
Hydrophilic substances seem to have an affinity towards water. Hydrophobic substance son the contrary seem to repel water.
500
Each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic then the next higher value. Example: A pH of _ is ten times more acidic than a pH of _ and is also 100 times more acidic than 6.
pH of 4 is ten time more acidic then a pH of 5 and 100 times more acidic than 6 (10 times 10)
500
What three macromolecule groups are polymers, chains of monomers?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.
500
What is the term used to describe a case in which a protein's function at one site is affected by the binding of a regulatory molecule to a separate site?
Allosteric reulation