The eye
Common name for conjunctivis
What is pink eye?
(for an extra 100, what is the function of the conjunctiva)
The ear is divided into which three major anatomical areas?
Outer, middle, inner
The dorsal tongue surface is covered with small peg-like projections called _____.
papillae
Dynamic equilibrium receptors, which respond to angular or rotary movements, are located in the _____.
Semicircular canals
What vitamin is essential for the proper function of the neural retina and prevents night blindness?
Vitamin A
The white, protective connective tissue layer of the eye is known as the _____.
What IS the sclera??
What structure separates the external ear from the middle ear?
Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Both the sense of taste and the sense of smell utilize receptors called _____.
chemoreceptors
The clinical term for a lens that has become hard and opaque, causing hazy or distorted vision, is _____.
Cataract
Which substance fills the anterior segment of the eye and provides nutrients for the avascular lens and cornea?
Aqueous humor
Function of the choroid??
-Blood rich nutritive layer
-Prevents light from scattering
In static equilibrium, what are the tiny calcium salt stones that move in response to changes in head position?
Otoliths
Name the three cranial nerves that carry taste impulses from the tongue to the brain?
Facial, Glassopharyngeal and (las) Vagus (where you go gambling).
Through which structure is aqueous humor reabsorbed into the venous blood?
Scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm)
Which brain lobe contains the visual cortex where visual interpretation occurs?
Occipital lobe
The three layers forming the wall of the eyeball from outermost to innermost.
What are the fibrous, vascular, and sensory layers? Bonus: 100 points for each structure of each layer
During the mechanism of hearing, hair cells are stimulated when they are bent against the _____.
tectorial membrane
Explain TWO of the taste receptors and what compounds/ions/amino acids they respond to.
Hmm I shall decide (with my notes)
Why is the cornea the only human tissue that can be transplanted without the fear of rejection?
Lacks WBS
Static equilibrium vs. Dynamic equalibrium (pretend its a 8 point question on the test)
Static Equilibrium: Use maculae receptors located in the vestibule to report on the position of the head in response to the pull of gravity and provide information when the body isn't moving. They use otoliths ("tiny stones") that float in a gel around hair cells; when the head moves, these stones bend the hair cells, signaling the head's position relative to gravity.
Dynamic Equilibrium: Use crista ampularis receptors located in semicircular canals to respond to angular or rotatory movements (like spinning or turning). They are stimulated by the movement of endolymph (fluid) that drags against a gelatinous cap (culpa) when your head rotates.
Three types of vision and how to fix the other two
Emmetropia:20/20
Myopia: Near-sightedness (Cant see far, need concave lens bc eye too long)
Hyperopia:Far-sighted (Cant see near, need convex lens bc eye too short)
Explain two homeostatic imbalances of the ear?\
Options: Presbycusis, Osteoclerosis, conduction deafness, Ménière's syndrome, Strabismus
Presbycusis: old person hearing
Osteoclerosis: fusion of auditory ossicles
CD: interfere with sound vibrations through external and middle ear.
The french one?: An inner ear disorder characterized by progressive deafness, vertigo, and a howling or ringing sensation (tinnitus).
Strabismus:"crossed eyes," results from unequal pulls by the external eye muscles
Explain the other THREE taste receptors and the compund/ion/amino acid they respond to.
I'll check my notes to see if you're right
Explain (with lots of detail, pretend its a 6 point question on the test) a homeostatic imbalances we learned this unit
There's a lot of them and I dont want to write all that out.
Sequence: Trace the pathway of light through the eye to the retina.
Cornea → aqueous humor →pupil → lens → vitreous humor →retina.