Oxyacids
Why is HClO4 a stronger acid than HClO?
Since there are more Oxygen atoms present, it pulls the electron density away from the H-Cl bond.
What is a Lewis Acid?
an electron pair acceptor
Acids produce H+ in water, and bases produce OH-.
Neutralization reaction:
acid + base --> salt + water
What is this describing?
What is the Arrhenius Concept?
What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Strong acids completely dissociate in water, but weak acids do not completely dissociate.
What is Amphoteric and Amphiprotic?
Amphoteric means it can be an acid or a base, and amphiprotic can receive or donate protons.
Why is HI stronger than HF?
The Iodine atom is larger and less electronegative than Fluorine allowing for the H-I bond to be weaker.
What is a Lewis Base?
an electron pair donor
In the Bronsted-Lowry concept, what is being transferred?
Protons
What are the seven strong acids?
HI, HCl, HBr, H2SO4, HNO3, HClO4, HClO3
What is Kw?
The ion product constant for water.
What is formed when covalent oxides are dissolved in water?
Acidic Oxides.
TRUE/FALSE
All Lewis models for acids and bases cover reactions that involve Bronsted-Lowry acids.
False.
In the Bronsted-Lowry concept, how is a base, and how is an acid described as acting?
Acid: proton donor
Base: proton acceptor
Acids that have more than one ionizable proton.
Polyprotic acids?
If the Kb>Ka, then the solution is ____.
Basic.
What is formed when an ionic oxide is dissolved in water to form a basic solution?
Basic Oxides.
Identify the Lewis Acid and Base.
Ni2+(aq)+6NH3(aq) ---> Ni(NH3)2+(aq)
Lewis Acid=NH3
Lewis Base=Ni(NH3)2+
Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in the following:
HCl + H2O --> H3O+ + Cl-
acid:HCl
base:H2O
conj. acid:H3O+
conj. base:Cl-
What are Kb and Ka?
Kb is the base ionization constant
Ka is the acid ionization constant
If an acid has a small Ka value, then it is weak/strong.
weak.
SO2, CO2, and NO2 all can dissolve in water to form _________.
acidic oxides.
Why does the Al(H2O)6 become Al(OH)(H2O)5?
The Aluminum has a large amount of charge pulling the Oxygen closer to it thus separating the water into hydronium and hydroxide.
Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in the following:
NH3 + H2O <--> NH4+ + OH-
acid:H2O
base:NH3
conj. acid:NH4+
conj. base:OH-
What is a salt made of?
The combination of an acidic cation and a basic anion.
If you dissolve NaCl in water, the solution will be?
neutral