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Gases check
Liquids/Solids check
Reaction Rates check
Acids and Bases
Polarity
100
In a sealed container, 0.25 moles of Nitrogen, 0.75 moles of Oxygen, and 2.25 moles of Radon are allowed to move freely. The partial pressure of Radon is 15.5 atm. What is the total pressure in the container?
What is 22.4 atm?
100
What are the 3 elements that Hydrogen can bond to in order to form hydrogen bonding?
What is FON (Fluorine, Oxygen, and Nitrogen)?
100
Give an example of first order reactions
What is nuclear decay?
100
What is the pH of 0.01 of sodium hydroxide?
What is 12?
100
What is the hybridization of methane (CH4)
What is SP3 hybridized?
200
What is the volume of a gas that occupies a container at 25 C, when it originally occupies 100 mL at 100 C?
What is 8.0 mL or 0.008 L?
200
What is the difference between intermolecular forces and intramolecular forces? Which one is strong to break?
What is Intermolecular forces occur within the molecule and intramolecular forces are between molecules? What is Intermolecular Forces?
200
When graphed, what does the slope of the Arrhenius Equation equal?
What is Negative Activation Energy over the Gas Constant?
200
Define an Arrhenius Acid and Base. What molecule is the exception that led to the development of the Bronsted-Lowry definition?
What is an acid produces H+ ions in solution and bases produce OH- ions in solution? Exception: Ammonia (NH3)
200
Define Formal charge. Why is this useful to know?
What is the charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming that electrons in a chemical bond are shared equally between atoms. Help draw the most accurate Lewis structures in order to determine the many things such as polarity, the molecular geometry, and bond angles.
300
Under what conditions do gas behave ideally?
What is high temperature and low pressure?
300
Explain why isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O) has a higher boiling point than butane. Bonus* (extra 200 points): what is isopropyl alcohol?
What is hydrogen bonding in isopropyl alcohol? Bonus: what is rubbing alcohol?
300
What is the half-life equation for second order reactions?
What is (1/ Concentration) equals (1/inital concentration) + (rate constant * time)?
300
Define Amphoteric. Give an example.
What is a ion or molecule that can behave as both a base and acid? Water (H20)
300
Define the VESPER theory.
What is a model in chemistry used to predict the shape of individual molecules based upon the extent of electron-pair electrostatic repulsion?
400
What are the 4 postulates of the Kinetic Molecular Theory? Which one (s) of these only apply to real gases?
What is What is 1) the average kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to the Temperature Kelvin 2) the particles are in constant motion; pressure is exerted when collisions with the walls take place 3) These particles are much smaller than the distance between particles; therefore, volume is negligible 4) There is no force of attraction between gas particles or between the particles and the walls of the container Real Gases: 1 and 4
400
What is the structure of ABA Packing?
What is face-centered cubic unit cell?
400
Explain the difference between using the differential rate law and the integrated rate law?
What is differential rates used for relating the rate with respect to time and integrated relates the concentration to time?
400
What is an ion or molecule that behaves as a Lewis acid/base, Bronsted- Lowry acid/base, and Arrhenius acid/base?
What is H+ ion?
400
What is the molecular geometry of water, electron-domain geometry, and the bond angle?
What is tetrahedral, bent, and 104.5 degrees?
500
What is the purpose of the Van Der Waals' equation? What are the a and the b values in the equations used for?
What is to correct for real gases? What is a for attraction: there are Intermolecular forces at play in real gases causing some of the particles to connect and b for bigness: due to the attraction, volume needs to be now taken into account?
500
What is the density of calcium in a face-centered cubic cell when it contains 4 Ca atoms and the radius 197 pm?
What is 1.54 g/cm^3?
500
Why does the Haber process (Merging hydrogen and nitrogen to form ammonia) take such a long time to form ammonia even though this reaction is spontaneous at low temperatures?
What is the low temperature affects the speed at which the particles collide with each other, which decreases the kinetic energy as well as the probability of collision causing not enough energy transfer to overcome the activation energy?
500
Why does adding more oxygen bonds make the acid or base more stronger?
What is a increase in polarity causing dissociation in solution? Basic definition of a strong acid, higher electronegativity causes a higher probability of dissociation. Only exception HF.
500
Why does the Fluorine molecule have the highest electronegativity?
What is the need to have a complete octet and become stable? Fluorine needs only one more electron to have a noble gas configuration and additionally, it's fairly small, so it close to the nucleus and the protons in the nucleus will cause the force of attraction to be tremendously high.