Rhetorical Modes
To recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place, event or action
What is description?
The three aspects you need in order to make an argument.
What are claim, reason, and evidence?
An appeal to emotion.
What is pathos?
The listener, viewer, or reader of a text.
What is the audience?
A sentence that begins by stating what is not true, then ends by stating what is true.
What is a negative-to-positive statement?
To explain, present, and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion.
What is exposition?
This is a statement about what is true or good or about what should be done or believed; it is potentially arguable.
What is a claim?
An appeal to logic.
What is logos?
An usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident; an incidental bit of evidence
What is an anecdote?
A question asked for rhetorical effect to emphasize a point, no answer being expected.
What is a rhetorical question?
To tell a story or report on an event or series of events.
What is narration?
An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward.
What is a counterargument?
An appeal to expertise, reputation, or ethics.
What is ethos?
Using humor, parody, or exaggeration to enhance or irritate an argument.
What is bathos?
To deliberately, directly attack an opponent’s argument, point by point.
What is refutation?
To prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion, and argument that thoroughly convinces the reader.
What is argument?
This substantiates the reasons offered and helps compel audiences to accept an advanced claim.
What is evidence?
Ethos can include
What is namedropping, quotation, definition, and speaking from personal experience or authority?
The part of a rhetorical situation that inspires, stimulates, provokes, or prompts writers to create a text.
What is exigence?
To agree with the opponent on a particular issue in order to fortify your own position
What is concession?
Invites you to explore a topic before making an argument about a topic.
What is exposition?
Inferences or assumptions that connect the support to the claim; often assumed and rarely articulated.
Logos can include
The three questions you should be asking––and answering––in your rhetorical analysis essay. (Hint: these are the questions that construct your paragraphs, per our recent outlining activity).
What is the argument, and how do I know?
How do I feel about this argument––does it work?
How might the author’s positionality, and my positionality as well, impact the ways in which I am receiving and evaluating this argument? How does the context in which this argument appears impact how it was delivered, and how I am reading it?
To raise a question or point that has not been dealt with; to invite an obvious question; to assume the truth of an argument or proposition to be proved, without arguing it.
What is to beg the question?