Ancient Greece & Rome
Christianity & the Church
Early Middle Ages
High Middle Ages

Key Terms & Concepts
100

This philosopher taught Plato and emphasized questioning everything.

Who is Socrates?

100

This Roman emperor legalized Christianity with the Edict of Milan.

Who is Constantine?

100

This Frankish king was crowned Emperor of the West in 800 CE.

Who is Charlemagne?

100

This system organized society around reciprocal obligations between lords and vassals.

 What is feudalism? 

100

This term refers to the blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures.

What is Hellenistic culture?

200

Roman law emphasized this concept, meaning the interests of the state over the individual.

What is majestas?

200

This early Christian thinker wrote City of God and introduced the idea of dualism.

Who is Augustine?

200

This term refers to the belief that the Pope inherits authority from Saint Peter.

What is Petrine Supremacy?

200

This document limited the power of the English king in 1215.

What is the Magna Carta?

200

This philosophical method aimed to reconcile faith and reason. 

What is scholasticism?

300

These two epic poems are attributed to Homer and reflect early Greek values.

What are the Iliad and the Odyssey?

300

This council in 1215 defined the seven sacraments of the Church.

What is the Fourth Lateran Council?

300

This event in 476 CE marked the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

What is the deposition of the last Roman emperor?

300

This economic system involved peasants working land for protection and justice.

What is manorialism?

300

This term describes peasants bound to land under feudalism.

What is serfdom?

400

This empire conquered Greece in 146 BCE and absorbed much of its culture.

What is the Roman Empire?

400

This reform movement aimed to purify monastic life and reduce corruption.

What are the Cluniac Reforms?

400

This religious institution preserved learning and culture during the Dark Ages.

 What are monasteries?

400

These organizations regulated trade, quality, and vocational training in towns. 

What are guilds?

400

This medieval thinker wrote Summa Theologica.

 Who is Thomas Aquinas?

500

This Greek leader spread Hellenistic culture across Egypt, Persia, and India.

Who is Alexander the Great?

500

This Pope clashed with Henry IV over lay investiture.

Who is Pope Gregory VII?

500

This 1054 event split Christianity into Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic branches.

What is the Great Schism?

500

This type of school emerged in the 12th century and taught theology, law, and medicine.

 What are universities?

500

This 13th-century explorer traveled to China and inspired European curiosity.

Who is Marco Polo?