The Renaissance & Reformation
The Renaissance was driven by the recovery of ________ knowledge.
Classical
The Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre (1572) was directed against
This monarch famously cut the boyars' beards in an effort to Westernize his realms.
Peter the Great
This theory postulated that the earth was the center of the universe.
The Ptolemaic system (or model)
The writers and critics who flourished in the expanding print culture and who championed reform and toleration were known as
Zwingli's reformation was based in
Zurich, Switzerland
The Edict of Nantes recognized
the rights of French Protestants
The English Bill of Rights was passed in the wake of the
The idea that one must observe phenomena before attempting to explain them
Empiricism
A famous French philosophe who was a major proponent of religious toleration.
This term refers primarily to the scholarly interest in the study of the classical cultures of Greece and Rome.
Humanism
Name one long-term consequence of the 30 Years' War.
devastated the economies of the German states; emergence of Prussia; Sweden's rise; decline of Habsburg power in HRE; end of Religious Wars in Europe
The Fronde (1648-53) taught the young Louis XIV that
The individual who first provided mathematical formulas supporting the Copernican theory and explaining planetary motion was
Johannes Kepler
Immanuel Kant
This quote best reflects the argument of
Machiavelli
The primary purpose of the Peace of Augsburg (1555) was to
end the civil war between Lutherans and Catholics in the HRE.
This treaty effectively ended Louis XIV's attempts to dominate continental European politics.
The Peace of Utrecht (1713)
The Scientific Revolution overturned the ideas of which classical thinker?
Aristotle
This philosopher was highly critical of Rousseau's claim that the sexes occupied "separate spheres"
Wollstonecraft
"He desired glory and excellence beyond that of anyone else. He showed favor to vernacular poetry and all the fine arts. Under him the city was not free, but it would have been impossible for it to have had a better or more pleasing tyrant."
The passage above most accurately describes
Lorenzo de' Medici
Name one effect the Peace of Westphalia had on European politics.
Weakened the HRE; Habsburgs began expanding eastward; nascent notion of political sovereignty
What was the purpose of the Pragmatic Sanction (1713)?
A proponent of the new science who advocated for a deductive approach to scientific investigation
René Descartes
Which philosophe was an early proponent of the theory of the separation of powers?
Montesquieu