1.2
This time period pre-dates the Middle Ages and greatly influenced the artists and philosophers of the Italian Renaissance.
Classical Era
This invention is considered one of the most important in history and made it possible for educational materials to be made cheaply, increasing the literacy rate throughout the world.
Printing Press
This banking family was known for their patronage of the arts in the Renaissance and using their money to push forward humanist ideals.
Medici Family
This refers to the exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World.
Columbian Exchange
A demographic disaster for the native peoples of the Americas were caused by this (multiple possible answers)
-European Diseases
-Cruel Working Conditions/Harsh Treatment
This belief system focused on personal interests rather than religious or political interests as well as a human being's inherent dignity.
Individualist Humanism
The was one of the first known books printed using movable type, named in part for the man who invented the technique
Gutenberg Bible
This measured wealth in a country by how much gold and silver it accumulated.
Mercantilism
Lack of this made it so that diseases like smallpox and measles took a stronger hold on indigenous people leading to the death of between 50 to 90 percent of them within a century.
Immunity
This section of Triangular Trade included the forced removal of African people for slave labor in the Americas.
Middle Passage
These were independent, self-governing communities.
City-States
This type of artist focused on imitating ordinary life in their works.
Naturalist
Written by Macchiavelli, this work was a sort of handbook for how to rule
The Prince
These large farms usually grew a single cash crop such as sugar, tobacco, or cotton.
Plantations
In this enterprise, many investors buy shares which distributed the risk among holders rather than being limited to any individual investor.
Joint-stock Company
This piece of art created by Raphael featured Classical Era scholars including Aristotle, Plato, and Heraclitus.
School of Athens
This German artist was known for creating prints and woodcuts.
Albrecht Dúrer
This piece of navigational technology helped sailors to determine where they were at sea based on the altitude of the sun or a star above the horizon.
Astrolabe
This explorer is known as the first to refer to it as the New World and is where the new land got it's name.
Amerigo Vespucci
This was a response to the open-field system. It combined strips of land into larger, fenced-in fields and established individual titles of ownership for each field.
Enclosure Movement
He wrote the Book of the Courtier, which described how to act like a proper gentleman or lady.
Baldassare Castiglione
This Dutch scholar represented Christian Humanism and advocated for literate people to read the Bible themselves.
Desiderius Erasmus
Ferdinand's defeat of Muslim Granada in 1492 marked the completion of this, which was the driving of Muslims from Spain.
Reconquista
This Spanish priest insisted that the Encomienda system and forced labor were unjust and led the first debate against European colonization.
Bartolome de Las Casas
This is farming for survival rather than a profit.
Subsistence Agriculture