Italian Renaissance
Exploration & Mercantilism
Northern Renaissance & Printing
Lutheran Reformation
Calvinism & Religious Wars
100
This intellectual movement emphasized the study of classical Greek and Roman texts and focused on human potential.
What is Humanism?
100
This economic theory held that national wealth depended on accumulating gold and maintaining a favorable balance of trade.
What is Mercantilism?
100
This movement combined Renaissance learning with Christian values and reform.
What is Christian Humanism?
100
Martin Luther argued that this alone was the source of religious truth and guidance.
What is the Bible (Scripture)?
100
This reformer emphasized predestination and established a strict religious community in Geneva.
Who was John Calvin?
200
Renaissance artists used realism, perspective, and classical themes. This city-state served as the center of much Renaissance activity.
What is Florence?
200
This is the name of the exchange of goods, animals, and diseases between Europe and the New World.
The Columbian Exchange
200
This invention dramatically increased literacy, spread religious ideas, and promoted vernacular languages.
What is the printing press?
200
Luther opposed these payments that supposedly reduced punishment for sins.
What are indulgences?
200
French followers of Calvinism were known by this name.
Who were the Huguenots?
300
This Renaissance genius painted The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.
Who is Leonardo da Vinci?
300
This maneuverable ship, developed by the Portuguese, helped explorers travel longer ocean routes.
What is a caravel?
300
This Dutch scholar wrote In Praise of Folly, criticized Church corruption, and "laid the egg that Luther hatched."
Who was Desiderius Erasmus?
300
In 1517 Luther challenged Church practices with this famous document.
What are the 95 Theses?
300
Geneva became known for this type of government, in which religious leaders exercise political authority.
What is a theocracy?
400
This writer authored The Prince, arguing that rulers sometimes must act ruthlessly to maintain power.
Who is Niccolò Machiavelli?
400
Mariners used this improved navigational instrument to determine direction at sea.
What is the magnetic compass?
400
This Northern Renaissance painter perfected the use of oil paints and created the masterpiece below.
Who was Jan van Eyck?
400
This 1521 assembly ordered Luther to recant his teachings.
What is the Diet of Worms?
400
This event in 1572, pictured below, resulted in the massacre of thousands of French Protestants.
What is the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
500
his powerful Florentine banking family financially supported artists such as Michelangelo and helped make Florence a Renaissance center.
Who are the Medici family?
500
This French finance minister strengthened mercantilist policies under Louis XIV.
Who was Jean-Baptiste Colbert?
500
This German artist became famous for detailed engravings and woodcuts.
Who was Albrecht Dürer?
500
Luther condemned this peasant uprising despite initially criticizing the nobility.
What was the German Peasants' War?
500
This agreement ended the French Wars of Religion by granting limited toleration to Huguenots.
What is the Edict of Nantes?