Medieval Church & Schisms
This 14th-century split weakened papal authority with rival popes in Avignon and Rome.
What is the Great Schism?
This long war (1337–1453) pitted England against France.
What is the Hundred Years’ War?
Catastrophic famine from 1315–1317.
What is the Great Famine?
The movement emphasizing classical learning and human potential.
What is Humanism?
1215 charter limiting English kings’ power.
What is the Magna Carta?
Papal bull of 1302 that declared papal supremacy over kings.
What is Unam Sanctam?
1358 French peasant revolt against taxation during the war.
What is the Jacquerie?
Pandemic that wiped out one-third of Europe’s population.
What is the Black Death?
Father of Humanism,” rediscovered classical texts.
Who is Petrarch?
French assembly of clergy, nobility, and commoners.
What is the Estates General?
This 1414–1418 council ended the Great Schism and condemned Huss.
What is the Council of Constance?
Italian wool workers staged this 1378 uprising in Florence.
What is the Ciompi Revolt?
Dance of death motif in medieval art.
What is the Danse Macabre?
Author of The Divine Comedy.
Who is Dante?
1356 decree establishing the election of Holy Roman Emperors.
What is the Golden Bull?
Reformers proposed this idea that church councils held authority over the pope.
What is Conciliar Theory?
French heroine who inspired troops and was burned in 1431.
Who is Joan of Arc?
Mongol khanate that dominated Russia.
What is the Golden Horde?
Author of The Decameron, tales set during the plague.
Who is Boccaccio?
Church’s governing body of officials and cardinals.
What is the Curia?
English reformer who attacked corruption and inspired the Lollards.
Who is John Wycliffe?
This law froze wages after the Black Death in 1351.
What is the Statute of Laborers?
Mercenary leaders of Renaissance Italy.
Who are the Condottieri?
Technique of shading with light and dark.
What is Chiaroscuro?
Italian humanist who wrote The Book of the Courtier.
Who is Baldassare Castiglione?