Cold War & Division (9.1–9.4)
100 – What was the main purpose of the Marshall Plan?
Rebuild Western European economies to prevent communism
100 – Who introduced reforms of glasnost and perestroika?
Mikhail Gorbachev
100 – What organization was created to unite European countries economically and politically?
The European Union
100 – What economic problem hit Europe in the 1970s?
Stagflation
100 – What were guest workers?
Migrants invited to fill labor shortages
200 – What did the Iron Curtain symbolize?
Division between Eastern (communist) and Western (democratic) Europe and the Cold War in General
200 – What does glasnost mean?
Openness (more transparency and freedom of expression)
200 – How did Europeans aim to prevent another world war?
Increased collaboration, diplomacy, and integration of their economies
200 – What is neoliberalism?
Free markets, limited government, privatization
200 – What is multiculturalism?
Coexistence of multiple cultures in one society
300 - What symbolized the division of Germany during the Cold War?
Berlin Wall
300 – What does perestroika mean?
Economic restructuring
The Euro
300 – How did conservative reforms change the welfare state?
Reduced government spending and social programs
300 – What conflict showed dangerous nationalism still existed in Europe after the Cold War?
Yugoslav Wars
400 - What alliance was created in response to NATO?
Warsaw Pact
400 – What event in 1989 symbolized the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe?
Fall of the Berlin Wall
400- Define economic interdependence:
Countries rely on each other for trade and resources
400 – Which two leaders are most associated with conservative economic reforms?
Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan
400 – What is one effect of immigration in Europe?
Increased diversity and political tension
500- Name any of the conferences arranged by the Allied powers at the end of the second World War
Potsdam, Yalta, and Bretton Woods
500 - Name 2 reasons why the Soviet Union collapsed?
Economic weakness after Arms/Space Race, nationalist movements against Soviets, and failed reforms(Khrushchev, Gorbachev)
500 – What treaty formally created the EU?
Maastricht Treaty
500 – What policy involves selling government industries to private owners?
Privatization
500- Name at least 3 nations to get created after the collapse of Yugoslavia
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Serbia