Constitutionalism
This medieval political agreement, forced on King John during the Baron's War in 1215, had established certain inalienable rights for nobles and served as a source of inspiration for 17th century reformers
What is Magna Carta?
What is the Palace of Versailles?
The Dutch Republic gained its independence from this country at the end of the Eighty Year's War
What is Habsburg Spain?
This ancient thinker was most closely associated with the geocentric model
Who is Ptolemy?
Dr. Edward Jenner invented the first vaccine to provide immunity against this virulent disease in late 18th Century England
What is smallpox?
Name of the military dictator and victor of the English Civil War who attempted to ban materialistic Christmas celebrations
Who is Oliver Cromwell?
This theory of governance was used by absolutists to justify their total control over the state
A "mania" for this type of flower led to a speculative financial bubble in the Dutch Republic
This powerful institution objected to the Copernican ideas espoused by Galileo Galilei
What is the Roman Catholic Church?
This economic principle which rejected mercantilism held that the state should interfere sparingly or not at all in the affairs of the market
What is laissez faire?
This was a royal attempt to subvert parliamentary control over taxation by renewing and expanding special taxes originally levied on medieval for self defense
What is Ship Money?
Peter the Great of Russia attempted to modernize and Westernize the state by forcing his nobles to submit to this change in their grooming habits
What is shaving of beards?
Dutch Golden Age painter who lived and worked in the town of Delft
Who is Johannes Vermeer?
Voltaire's important publication, Treatise on Toleration, called for this kind of toleration in France and Europe
What is religious toleration for non-Catholics (Huguenots)?
This privatization of the commons tended to more efficient use of the land, but had negative consequences for many small peasants
What is enclosure?
The Toleration Act of 1689 finally granted freedom of worship to this group in England
Who were nonconformists (Puritans/Calvinists)?
This royal decree ending the Wars of Religion in France was revoked in the 1680s by Louis XIV as part of his campaign to create religious uniformity
What is the Edict of Nantes?
These ships with large cargo capacities allowed the Dutch to dominate long-distance trade in the 17th century
What are fluyts?
Adam Smith's theory that the actions of individuals pursuing their private interests tended to be mutually beneficial and self-corrective in its effect on the market
What is the Invisible Hand?
Partially attributable to newly available crops, partially to new forms of land development, and new technologies, this development led to the increase in the availability of foodstuffs and an increase in the European population
What is the Agricultural Revolution?
This document cemented Parliamentary control over the government and enshrined certain rights in English law as part of the Glorious Revolution settlement
What was the English Bill of Rights?
This war was launched by Louis XIV in order to install his grandson, Philip the Duke of Anjou, on the throne of a neighboring country
What was the War of the Spanish Succession?
Mercantilist theory called for the acquisition of colonies because they were a source of raw materials and a captive market for these kinds of goods
What are finished/manufactured goods?
This leader of Prussia was one of the first kings to abolish torture
Who is King Frederick II (Frederick the Great)?
The creation of foundling hospitals in the 18th century was intended to help deal with this social crisis
What is the increasing number of orphans and children born out of wedlock?