Renaissance & Expansion
Author of Utopia
Who is Thomas More?
An Augustinian monk who believed in "salvation by faith alone".
Who is Martin Luther?
A monarch receives the right to rule directly from God and not from the people
What Divine Right?
This magnificent 17th-century palace built during the reign of Louis XIV was a good example of baroque architecture.
What is the Palace of Versailles?
This violent event in Paris on July 14, 1789, inadvertently saved the National Assembly. Paris was now lost to the king!
What is the storming of the Bastille?
War between England and France tat resulted in England's loss of nearly all its French territories.
What is the Hundred Years War?
A "left-wing" Protestant sect that didn't believe in allegiance to any church or ruler and were very tolerant of other views.
Who were the anabaptists?
This Englishman claimed each person has the right to “life, liberty and property.”
Who is John Locke?
He developed the laws of universal gravitation.
Who is Isaac Newton?
This group claimed, with their Tennis Court Oath, that they would not disband until they developed a Constitution
What is the National Assembly?
Young peasant quasi-military leader who helped the French defeat England in the Hundred Years War
Who is Joan of Arc
This monumental treaty ended the 30 Years War.
What is the Treaty of Westphalia?
This early republic had a decentralized system with a stadholder as leader of each region.
What was the Dutch Republic (the Netherlands)?
Montesquieu is most widely known for what idea?
What is "separation of powers" in government?
In August of 1789, this social system was abolished by the National Assembly, and freed peasants of their obligations.
What is feudalism?
Father of Humanism
Who is Petrach?
Conference held by Catholic clergy to reform abuses and errors in the Church and affirm traditional Church teachings
What is the Council of Trent?
This group in Spain represented much of the Spanish middle class. When they were removed the Spanish empire never recovered economically.
Who are Jews?
Territories that were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.
What is the Partition of Poland?
Who led the Committee of Public Safety and was prominent during the Reign of Terror?
Who is Robespierre?
Author of The Prince
Who is Machiavelli?
This epochal 1517 work criticized the selling of indulgences.
What is the 95 Theses?
The events of 1688–89 that resulted in the deposition of James II and the accession of his daughter Mary II and her husband, William III, prince of Orange to the throne of England.
What is the Glorious Revolution?
Diderot is most well known for having completed this in 1765.
What is the Encyclopedia?
The most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution .
Who are the Jacobins?
These two monarchs united Spain in the late 15th c. and established the reconquista.
Who are Ferdinand and Isabella?
This 1598 proclamation by Henry IV allowed toleration for the Huguenots in France.
What is the Edict of Nantes?
The construction of this city during Peter’s reign may have claimed as many as 200,000 lives.
What is St. Petersburg?
Author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), in which she argues that women are not naturally inferior to men, but appear to be only because they lack education.
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
The march on Versailles began among women in the marketplaces of Paris who, on the morning of October 5, 1789, were nearly rioting over what?
What is the high price of bread?
Author of In Praise of Folly, a powerful critique of Catholic Church abuses.
Who is Erasmus?
John Calvin's ideas, actions and sermons contributed to the Protestant Reformation movement and transformed this city into an intellectual capital in Europe.
What is Geneva?
Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland after the defeat of King Charles I in the Civil War. He was one of the main signatories on Charles I's death warrant. After the execution of King Charles I, he led the Commonwealth of England.
Who is Oliver Cromwell?
His economic system was one in which the market-determined wages and was comprised of free rather than government-constrained enterprise, later known as laissez-faire capitalism.
Who is Adam Smith?
The political factions that took shape in the National Convention in 1792-93.
Who were the Girondins and the Montagnards?
This humanistic Renaissance painting by Raphael has Plato and Aristotle at its center.
What is The School of Athens?
This bloody event occurred in 1572 when Catharine de Medicis cracked down on rioting Huguenots.
What is the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?
This city was the center of banking in Europe during the first half of the 17th century.
What is Amsterdam?
New crops from the New World helped improve European diets. The flow of foods across the Atlantic was known as this.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
In 1789, the Assembly set forth in this document that all men were "born and remain free and equal in rights"
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
The theory that the wealth of nations was limited and needed to be preserved
What is mercantilism?
This Dominican preacher was severely criticized by Martin Luther for selling indulgences in Germany.
Who is
Johann Tetzel?
This “soldier’s king” infused militarism into all aspects of Prussian society and created the most efficient bureaucracy in Europe during his reign.
Who is Frederick William I?
The appropriation of "common land" enclosing it and by doing so depriving commoners of their rights of access and privilege.
What the enclosure system?
This 1789 wave of violence in the countryside directly led to the end of feudalism in France
What is the Great Fear?
Movement focused on reforming society based on Christian principles
What is the Northern Renaissance?
Peace Treaty signed in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War and brought peace to the Holy Roman Empire
What is the Treaty of Westphalia?
An edict issued by Charles VI on April 19, 1713, to ensure that the Habsburg hereditary possessions could be inherited by a daughter
What is the Pragmatic Sanction?
This nobleman was very influential in advocating the end of torture and using prisons to rehabilitate people, not punish them.
Who is Marquis de Beccaria?
This British writer and deist defended the French Revolution as the embodiment of Enlightenment ideals in his Rights of Man (1793)
Who is Thomas Paine?