British Unrest
Who led the Roundheads, the faction opposing the crown in the English Civil War? Hint: after his victory, he became Lord Protectorate of England.
Oliver Cromwell
This revolutionary change in farming methods increased productivity and the food supply in Europe, leading to population growth and urbanization.
Agricultural Revolution
The Dutch struggled to declare independence from whom?
Spain
The country that couldn't consolidate it's power leading to it being Partitioned
Poland
Who westernized Russia, imposed a beard tax, and established Saint Petersburg?
Peter the Great
What modern-day country was William of Orange from originally?
The Netherlands
What were the benefits of a joint-stock company?
Was an early modern financial tool, developed in the 17th century, allowing European investors to raise money while decreasing the risk of failure
The Netherlands were very involved in the ______ trade
Spice
The military technology that replaced the trebuchet and was used to destroy fortresses
Sieg Canon
Who said "L'etat, c'est moi?"
Louis XIV
Who was the king at the beginning of the English Civil War?
Charles I
What are the two transatlantic slave-labor system that expanded in the 17th and 18th centuries as demand for New World products increased
*bonus: from where and what goods were being traded
The Middle Passage and Triangle trade
ex) Sugar, tobacco, cotton from Americas to Europe
textiles, rums from Europe to Africa
slaves from Africa to Americas
Independence of the United Provinces was formalized in the 1648 Treaty of ….
Westphalia
The Royal Family that dominated Europe politically and Militarily for most of the 16th and 17th Century and last heir is Charles II
Spanish Hasburgs
Who was Louis XIV’s finance minister?
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
What was the name of the Loyalist faction that opposed the Roundheads in the English Civil War?
The Cavaliers
What was the putting out system?
merchants supplied raw materials to rural workers, who then produced finished goods at home, significantly boosting European textile production.
What counties rise led to the fall of Dutch Golden Age
Britain
A treaty that leads to religion declining in importance and ends wars of Religion.
Peace of Westphalia
Russia expanded into Europe primarily from gaining land from?
Poland
What was the house name of the original monarchy to which Charles I, II and James I belonged to?
The House of Stuart
What role did the Bank of England have?
This was an early modern financial institution that played a crucial role in managing public debt and providing loans to the government and businesses in 17th-century England.
What was the chief magistrate or ruler of the republic called?
Stadtholder
In the 18th century, this concept referred to the shifting alliances and wars between European powers, including the War of Spanish Succession and the Seven Years' War, to prevent any one state from becoming too powerful.
Balance Power
What two factions were the English Parliament split into?
Upper House/ House of Lords and Lower House/ House of Commons