Scientific Revolution
What did Copernicus believe in?
Heliocentric Universe: Earth revolved AROUND the sun
Who created the Humoral Theory and relied on animal dissection?
Galen
Who argued that all people have natural rights? What were they?
John Locke: life, liberty, and property
Who doubled Prussia's army/military power and establishes a bureaucracy?
Frederick William I "Soldier King"
Did literacy increase? If so, what were the effects?
Yes: Magazines and newspapers increased, children became more educated
Who confirmed the heliocentric model based off the observations of Brahe?
Johannes Kepler
Who corrected Galen's errors regarding the circulation of the blood?
William Harvey
Which two intellectuals argued women were inferior to men (intellectually and physically)?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau andMontesqieu
What was the difference between Neoclassicism and Rocco Art?
Neoclassicism: Emphasizes classical, duty, and honor
Rocco: Displayed playful themes of love and romance
What allowed for the spread of scientific knowledge?
Scientific Societies and the Printing Press
Who believed that disease was caused by chemical imbalances? What was the solution?
Paracelsus: Inject smaller doses of the disease
Who was the founder of feminism and used logic to point out contradictions about gender equality?
Mary Wollstonecraft
Which Englightened monarch passed the Toleration Patent of 1781, which gave Jews more rights?
Joseph II of Austria
What is deductive (rationalism) and inductive reasoning (empiricism)? Who defined/created it?
Rene Descartes: Deductive reasoning, start with a general idea --> then use logic to make a conclusion
Francis Bacon: Inductive reasoning, involves collecting data through senses and experiments to make conclusion
Who corrected Galen on the belief that blood came from the liver?
Which two intellectuals attacked/challenged mercantilist ideas?
Adam Smith and Francois Quesnay
What are pograms?
Pograms are planned massacres or deportations that are aimed at a group of people, typically Jews.
What are the names of all THREE philosophers who corrected the Galen's errors?
Paracelsus, Vesalius, and William Harvey
Can you name all 10 intellectuals (philosophes) who questioned authority and used reason during the Eng
1.Thomas Hobbes
2. John Locke
3. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
4. Mary Wollstonecraft
5. Voltaire
6. Diderot
7. Charles-Louis Montesquieu
8. Cesare Beccaria
9. Adam Smith
10. Francois Quesnay
Explain the significance of salons in respect to women.
Salons were hosted by women and allowed them to express their opinion. It also allowed for the spread of ideas and further educated women.