White Blood Cells
most common circulating WBC (50-70%)
What is a neutrophil?
Upper respiratory system
What is everything about the larynx? (nasal cavity, pharynx)
lymphatic organ that filters lymph before return to venous circulation
what is lymph node?
3 types of lymphocytes
What are T cells, B cells, and NK cells?
inflammation of bronchioles resulting in constriction and difficultly breathing
What is bronchitis?
3 types of granulocytes
What are neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils?
Difference between conducting and respiratory portions
Conducting portion is everything that air goes through to get to the gas exchange surfaces (nose to terminal bronchioles). Respiratory portion is where gas exchange actually takes place (respiratory bronchioles and alveoli).
the two lymphatic ducts
What is thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct?
Lymphocyte that stimulates the activation of B cells and T cells
What is a helper T cell?
immunity
What is the ability to resist infection and disease?
WBC that enters peripheral tissues and becomes a macrophage
What is a monocyte?
components of respiratory defense system
What is mucus cells and glands, cilia, filtration in nasal cavity, and alveolar macrophages?
lacteals
What is specialized lymphatic capillaries in small intestine that transport lipids from digestive tract?
Lymphocyte that is a part of your innate immunity
What is NK cell?
the five tonsils
What is 1 pharyngeal, 2 palatine, and 2 lingual tonsils?
function of basophils
What is release histamine and heparin in damaged tissues?
Type of epithelium surrounding alveoli and why
What is simple squamous epithelium because it's thin and thus allows for more efficient gas exchange?
explain lymphadenopathy
What is chronic or excessive enlargement of lymph nodes that may indicate infections, endocrine disorders, or cancer?
Function of B cells
What is change into plasma cells, which produce and secrete antibodies?
lymphatic trunks that drain into the right lymphatic duct
What are the right jugular trunk, right subclavian trunk, and right bronchomediastinal trunk?
explain the three WBC disorders
Leukopenia is an abnormally low WBC count, Leukocytosis is an abnormally high WBC count, and Leukemia is an extremely high WBC count
the 5 functions of the respiratory system
provides extensive gas exchange surface between air and circulating blood, moves air to and from gas exchange surfaces of lungs, protection, sound production, and smell
the 3 functions of the spleen
removes abnormal blood cells and components by phagocytosis, stores iron recycled from RBCs, and initiates immune response by B and T cells in response to antigens in circulating blood
explain lymphopoiesis
Hematocytoblasts produce lymphoid stem cells in red bone marrow. Some lymphoid stem cells migrate to the thymus and mature into T cells with the help of thymic hormones. The lymphoid stem cells that stay in the red bone marrow mature into B cells with the help of stromal cells, which produce interleukin-7. Others mature into NK cells. All three then migrate to peripheral tissues.
Explain how the cardiovascular system and respiratory system integrate
Pulmonary capillaries and alveoli exchange O2 and CO2