AP GoPo Semester 1 Final

Unit 1 - Foundations

100

This Foundational Principle is reflected in the function of the House of Representatives

Popular Sovereignty - Government based on the will of the people

200

Impeaching/Removing judges and declaring laws unconstitutional are examples of this foundational principle

Checks and Balances

300

This foundational document argues that factions are inevitable AND best controlled in a large republic

Federalist 10

400

Many states having different policies on abortion reflect this system of American Government

Federalism

500

This was the foundational SOCTUS case that expanded Federal government power in relation to the States

Mcculloch v Maryland (1819)

Legislative

100

This is the redistricting precedent set in Baker v Carr (1962)

Districts must adhere to 1 person, 1 vote (roughly equal population)

200

This was the precedent set in Shaw v Reno

Gerrymandering based on race is unconstituitonal

300

This is the MAIN difference in debate practices between the House and Senate

House has strict rules on Debate, Senate has no limitations on debate (leads to filibuster)

400

When a member of Congress votes against the will of their constituents, they are following this model of voting behavior

Trustee Model

500

This is the most powerful position in the House and in the Senate

Speaker of the House

Senate Majority Leader 

Executive

100

This is the informal power of the president that is regularly used during the state of the union address

Bargaining and Persuasion

200

This is the Foundational doc that made the argument for a single executive with "energy"

Federalist no. 70

300

This is the informal power that allows a president to make limited treaties with other nations

Executive Agreements

400

This is the case that set a precedent weakening the President's ability to keep information from the American Public

NYT v US (prior restraint, 1971)

500

This is the practice of Congress allowing the Departments and agencies to create guidelines for their areas of expertise

Delegated Discretionary Authority

Judicial

100

This is the power created by the precedent set in Marbury v Madison

Judicial Review

200

These are the 3 factors that combine to create a question of legitimacy around the Supreme Court

Lifetime Appointment + Judicial Review + Stare Decisis

300

This is the MAIN reason for a change in precedent from the Supreme Court

Change in ideological makeup of the court 

(i.e. Roe v Dobbs, Brown v Plessy, etc)

400

These are the two groups that have a say in who will fill a vacant seat on the Supreme Court

The President

The Senate

500

These are the ways Congress and the President can respond to an unfavorable SCOTUS holding

Legislative - Change the Law OR Amend the Constitution

Executive - Refuse to enforce the decision

Unit 3 - Civil Liberties

100

This is the case that set the precedent that non-disruptive symbolic protest IS allowed in educational settings

Tinker v Des Moines

200

This is the clause that was cited in the ruling of Wisconsin v Yoder

Free-Exercise clause of the 1st amendment (Freedom of Religion)

300

This is the case that created the clear & present danger test for Free Speech

Schenck v US

400

This is the case that incorporated the second amendment to the states

McDonald v Chicago

500

This is the amendment that has been the most consequential in creating precedents for the protection of individual liberties

14th Amendment

(Due process, equal protections)