1.1 - Ideals
This democratic ideal emphasizes that government power comes from the people.
What is popular sovereignty?
This type of democracy involves citizens voting directly on laws and policies.
What is a direct democracy?
This system divides government power between national and state governments.
What is federalism?
Under the Articles, this branch of government was missing.
The author of Federalist No. 10, arguing for a large republic to control factions.
Who is James Madison?
This principle holds that everyone, including leaders, must follow the law.
What is the rule of law?
This type of democracy elects representatives to make decisions on the people’s behalf.
What is a representative democracy (or republic)?
This principle ensures no branch of government becomes too powerful.
What are checks and balances?
Congress lacked this power, making it difficult to raise funds for the government.
What is the ability to collect tax?
The Anti-Federalist essay warning that a large central government would destroy liberty.
What is Brutus 1?
This idea argues that people give up some freedoms in exchange for government protection.
What is the social contract?
This theory of democracy emphasizes that groups compete to influence government policy.
What is pluralist democracy?
Anti-Federalists demanded this addition to the Constitution to protect personal freedoms.
What is the Bill of Rights?
This rebellion highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles and led many to call for a stronger central government.
What is Shays' Rebellion?
This collection of essays, written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, defended the Constitution.
What are The Federalist Papers?
This democratic ideal protects people’s ability to freely express their opinions, even if unpopular.
What is freedom of speech?
This theory argues that a small number of wealthy and powerful elites dominate government decisions.
What is elite democracy?
The ongoing tension between balancing liberty and order is often referred to as a debate between these two groups during ratification.
Who were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
To amend the Articles, this level of approval was required.
What is unanimous consent?
The Federalist Papers were originally authored and published under what alias?
This Enlightenment thinker’s ideas on natural rights (life, liberty, property) heavily influenced the Declaration of Independence.
Who is John Locke?
This theory suggests that democracy is strengthened when many people actively participate in civic and political life.
What is participatory democracy?
Anti-Federalists feared this aspect of the Constitution would give the federal government too much power over the states.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
Under the Articles, each state had this many votes in Congress, regardless of population size.
What is one vote?
This Enlightenment thinker wrote The Spirit of the Laws, arguing for the separation of powers in government.
Who is Montesquieu?