SCOTUS CASE I
1954 supreme court case that struck down segregation in public schools, saying "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal"
what is Brown v Board of Education
it established the principle of "one person, one vote," ruling that legislative districts with dramatically different populations violated the equal protection clause of 14th amendment
what is Baker v Carr
1993 case that held that minority majority congressional districts drawn solely on the basis of race violates the 14th Amendment equal protection clause of the Constitution
what is Shaw v Reno
The Supreme Court declared part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 passed by Congress was unconstitutional. It establish the court as an equal player in the system of checks and balances.
what is Marbury v. Madison
This Supreme Court case established the concept of Judicial Review
what is Marbury v. Madison
1919 supreme court ruling that Charles Schenck's protest against WWI weren't protected by the 1st amendment because they posed a "clear and present danger... that congress has a right to prevent"
what is Schenck v United States
1963 supreme court ruling that selectively incorporated the 6th amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases via the 14th Amendment. Requires state courts in all felony cases to provide attorneys for defendants who can't afford to pay for their defense.
what is Gideon v Wainwright
1962 supreme court ruling that mandatory prayer in public schools was a violation of 1st amendment establishment clause.
what is Engel v Vitale
1972 Supreme Court ruling that parents couldn't be required to send children to school past 8th grade. It protected the Free Exercise clause of Freedom of Religion in the 1st Amendment.
what is Wisconsin v. Yoder
1819 supreme court ruling that Maryland didn't have power to tax the Second Bank of the U.S. and that congress did have power to create the bank under the "necessary and proper" and "supremacy" clauses
what is Mcculloch v. Maryland
1995 case that struck down federal law regulating possession of firearms around schools. It was the first time courts restricted the power of Congress to pass legislation under the Commerce Clause since the New Deal in the 1930s.
what is United States v. Lopez
2010 Supreme Court ruling that selectively incorporated the 2nd amendment right to keep and bear arms via the 14th Amendment due process clause which made it applicable to the states.
what is McDonald v Chicago
1969 Supreme Court ruling that wearing an armband in a public school was protected by the 1st amendment as a form of freedom of speech.
what is Tinker v Des Moines independent community school district
1971 case where the Supreme Court said that the government couldn't prevent the publication of the Pentagon Papers. It defended the 1st amendment right of free press against prior restraint by the government.
what is New York Times Company vs U.S.
2010 Supreme Court decision that struck down FEC regulations that limited the amount of money that groups and corporations could spend on supporting individual candidates in U.S. elections.
what is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (FEC)