Documents
This 1776 document was inspired by John Locke's idea of natural rights Life, Liberty, and Property.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Guarantees freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition
What is the 1st Amendment
A case in which the Court held that the suspension of students by a public school for wearing black armbands in protest of the Vietnam War violated their rights to free speech.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District?
The landmark case that established the principle of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
Guaranteed a right to an attorney for the poor, even in state trials.
What is Gideon v. Wainright?
This first form of government the United States had lacked a strong central government and did not have the ability to tax its citizens.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
A constitutional amendment designed to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes, including protection against double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and punishment without due process of law.
What is the 5th Amendment
Ruled that requiring Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade is a violation of the free exercise clause of the First Amendment.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
Established the supremacy of the United States Constitution and federal laws over state laws in the case of creating a National Bank.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
Extended the right to privacy to include a women's right to have an abortion.
What is Roe v. Wade?
This essay argued that a large republic will help control factions because when more representatives are elected, there will be a greater number of opinions.
What is Federalist 10?
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
What is the 10th Amendment?
The Supreme Court ruled that school-sponsored prayer in public schools violated the establishment clause of the First Amendment
What is Engel v. Vitale?
The 1st Amendment does not protect speech that creates a "clear and present danger"
What is Schenck v. U.S.?
Incorporated the 2nd amendment right to and keep arms to the states.
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
An opposing view to the Federalist Papers, this document argues that a free republic cannot exist in such a large territory as the United States
What is Brutus No. 1?
This amendment declared that all persons born or naturalized in the United States were entitled to equal rights regardless of their race and that their rights were protected at both the state and national levels.
What is the 14th Amendment?
School segregation is a violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment and is therefore unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education
U.S. Supreme Court case establishing the principle that states cannot, by legislative enactment, interfere with the power of Congress to regulate commerce.
What is Gibbons v. Ogden?
2010 case that declared that political spending by corporations and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the 1st Amendment.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?
This document addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government
What is Federalist 51?
Persons accused of a crime are guaranteed a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury.
What is the 6th Amendment?
The use of the commerce clause of Congress to take possession of a gun in school a federal crime unconstitutional.
What is United States v. Lopez
Established equal protection challenges to redistricting and the "one-person-one-vote" principle.
What is Baker v. Carr?
Legislative redistricting must take into account race and comply with the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
What is Shaw v. Reno?