Foundations of American Democracy
Foundational document that argued that federal power was bad and the Constitution gave too much power to the federal government.
Brutus 1
Number of amendments to US Constitution
27
The custom of allowing a senator to have input on the selection of Federal district court judges.
Senatorial Courtesy
2 examples of entitlement programs
Answers may vary: Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, unemployment benefits, Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF), Pell Grants, etc.
Amendment that allows the Bill of Rights to be applied to the states
14th amendment
Locke & Hobbes (Natural Rights)
Rousseau (Social Contract & Popular Sovereignty)
Amendment in the Bill of Rights provides the right to a speedy and public trial
The Sixth Amendment
In a case regarding abortion, interest groups such as Right to Life and Planned Parenthood file this kind brief urging the court to decide the case in their favor.
Amicus Curaie brief
Difference between Medicare & Medicaid
Medicare: Senior Citizens
Medicaid: Based on income level
Clause that prohibits the national government from supporting an official religion
Establishment clause
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Did not unite the Colonies, and didn't give the Federal Government enough power to do anything. Demonstrated by Shay's Rebellion
This concerns states being required to recognize the official documents and civil judgements rendered by the courts of other states.
Full faith & credit clause
Tinker vs. Des Moines
Symbolic speech (armbands) by 8th-graders to protest the Vietnam War. As long as the speech is not disruptive to school functioning, it is protected.
Define budget deficit
The government spends more than it takes in, causing the government to borrow money for the year. Increases debt
Writ of habeas corpus
The government must present an arrested person before a jury to learn why they have been arrested
Checks & balances --> separation of powers --> limited government to prevent tyranny
Constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery
13th amendment
US v. Lopez
Struck down the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 due to its being outside of Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce
Difference between categorical & block grants
Difference between civil rights and civil liberties
Civil liberties protect people from undue government interference or action. Civil rights protect people from discrimination.
This plan for national government, written by James Madison, created an executive and legislative branch that would be dominated by larger populated states
Virginia Plan
The Constitution is silent regarding the ability of the national government to establish a draft. However this power is linked to the Article I, section 8 power for congress to "raise an army". This makes the draft what kind of power?
Implied Power
The Court held that redistricting qualifies as a justiciable question under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, thus enabling federal courts to hear Fourteenth Amendment-based redistricting cases.
Difference between fiscal & monetary policy
This important piece of 1960s legislation created equal employment opportunities, regardless of race, equal access to public accommodations regardless of race, religion, or national origin and the withholding federal grants-in-aid from state programs that discriminated on the basis of race?
1964 Civil Rights Act