Rights and Liberties Showdown
The first 10 amendments are known as this.
What is the Bill of Rights?
In United States v. Lopez, the Court ruled that Congress exceeded its authority under this clause when regulating guns near schools.
What is the Commerce Clause?
“We the People” reflects this core principle of government.
What is popular sovereignty?
This is the right to vote.
What is suffrage?
A student wears a black armband to protest a war. The school suspends them.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
This principle prevents the government from blocking speech before it occurs.
What is prior restraint?
Brown v. Board of Education overturned this earlier doctrine.
What is separate but equal?
Letter from Birmingham Jail defends this type of action against unjust laws.
What is civil disobedience?
This organization raises and spends money to influence elections.
What is a PAC (or Super PAC)?
A state requires schools to begin the day with a prayer written by officials.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This case balanced student speech rights with school authority.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
The “one person, one vote” principle came from this case.
What is Baker v. Carr?
Federalist No. 78 describes the judiciary as having this level of power relative to other branches.
What is the weakest branch?
One key role of political parties is to organize and run this process to select candidates for the general election.
What is nomination (or primary elections)?
A defendant cannot afford a lawyer and is denied one by the state.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This policy aims to address past discrimination by giving advantages to historically marginalized groups.
What is affirmative action?
This case ruled that racial gerrymandering violates the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
Federalist No. 10 proposes this as the best solution to factions.
What is a large republic?
This style of political coverage focuses on polling numbers and who is winning rather than policy issues.
What is horse race journalism?
A state draws bizarrely shaped districts that separate voters by race. What constitutional principle is violated?
What is equal protection under the 14th Amendment?
This type of due process focuses on whether a law is fair, not how it is applied.
What is substantive due process?
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission ruled that corporations and unions can spend unlimited money on elections, as long as it is not this type of contribution.
What is directly coordinated with a candidate (or direct contributions)?
The idea that government is created through an agreement between people and their rulers, where people give up some freedoms in exchange for protection, is known as this.
What is the social contract?
This type of election causes a major shift in party alignment and voter coalitions.
What is a critical election?
When a court makes decisions that expand constitutional rights or overturn existing laws based on evolving standards, it is practicing this judicial philosophy.
What is judicial activism?