Clauses
The clause which ensures the ability of citizens to practice the religion of their choosing
What is "free exercise" clause?
This case helped protect symbolic speech: "Public school students have the right to wear black armbands because it does not cause a disruption"
What is "Tinker v. Des Moines?"
This case ordered school desegregation, overturning Plessy v Ferguson
What is "Brown v Board?"
This case established judicial review
What is "Marbury v Madison?"
The right to bear arms
What is "2nd Amendment?"
The clause which empowers Congress to make laws for anything to do with the economy from one state to another
What is the "Commerce" clause?
This case expanded religious freedom: "Cannot compel Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade"
What is "Wisconsin v Yoder?"
This case stated that legislative redistricting must be conscious of race but districts cannot be overtly racial in nature
What is "Shaw v Reno?"
This case established the supremacy of the US Constitution and laws over state laws
What is "McCulloch v Maryland?"
Protection of individual freedoms (RAPPS)
What is "1st amendment?'
The clause which ensures that the state cannot create a religion and force it on the citizens
What is the "establishment" clause?
This case stated that schools cannot sponsor religious activities and cannot sponsor prayer
What is "Engel v Vitale?"
This case established "one man, one vote" and opens courts to reviewing redistricting challenges
What is "Baker v Carr?"
This case guaranteed an attorney for the poor and indigent
What is "Gideon v Wainwright?"
Protects against warrantless searches and seizures.
What is "4th amendment?"
The clause which empowers Congress to make all laws needed to execute the powers listed in the Constitution
What is the "necessary and proper" clause?
This case stated that speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected
What is "Schenck v US?"
This case incorporated the 2nd amendment's right to keep and bear arms
What is "McDonald v Chicago?"
This case ruled the espionage act was an appropriate exercise of Congress’ wartime authority
What is "Schenck v United States
Rights not listed in the constitution belong to the states
What is "10th amendment?"
The clause found in both the 5th and 14th amendments that prohibits the deprivation of life, liberty, or property and ensures fair trials
What is the "due process" clause?
This case established a "heavy presumption against prior restraint"
What is "New York Times v US?"
This case limited federal government power: Congress cannot use the commerce clause to get into school's business.
What is "US v Lopez?"
This case affirmed that corporations and associations' political spending cannot be limited by law
What is "Citizens United v FEC?"
People have rights not even if they are not listed in the constitution
What is "9th amendment?"