Foundational Documents & Cases
This essay argues that a large republic is the best way to control the "mischiefs of faction.
What is Federalist #10
This term describes the division of power between national and state governments.
What is federalism?
This body has the power to initiate the impeachment process
What is the House of Representatives?
First Amendment:
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
Necessary and Proper Clause
Gives Congress the power to pass laws necessary to carry out enumerated powers; source of implied powers.
This landmark 1803 case established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison
This clause ensures that judicial decrees and contracts made in one state are enforceable in another.
What is the full faith and credit clause
The length of a term for a U.S. Senator
What is 6 years?
Seventh Amendment
Right to a jury trial in certain civil cases.
General Welfare Clause
Grants Congress the power to tax and spend for the general welfare.
his document argues that a weak confederation of states is better than a strong, centralized government that could threaten liberty
What is Brutus No. 1
This uprising of Revolutionary War veterans highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
What is Shays's Rebellion
A rule-making body that sets policy for environmental protection, an example of bureaucratic power
What is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?
Ninth Amendment
Clarifies that rights not specifically listed in the Constitution are still retained by the people.
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Requires states to recognize public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states (e.g., marriage, driver's licenses).
This case established that the First Amendment applies to the states, beginning selective incorporation.
Answer: What is Gitlow v. New York (1925)
This plan at the Constitutional Convention favored large states by proposing representation based on population.
What is the Virginia Plan
When a judge relies on past precedents in making a ruling
What is stare decisis?
25th Amendment
establishes clear procedures for presidential succession, vice-presidential vacancies, and handling presidential disability
Extradition Clause
Requires states to return criminals to the state where the crime was committed.
This essay argues for a single, energetic executive to ensure accountability and quick action.
What is Federalist #70
This type of federal grant is given for a specific, defined purpose.
What is a categorical grant?
The only way a president can reject a bill is when Congress is adjourned.
What is a pocket veto
27th Amendment
prohibits Congress from giving itself a pay raise that takes effect immediately
Bill of Attainder Clause
Congress and states cannot pass laws that punish individuals without a trial.