Bill of Rights
Which Bill of Rights covers freedom of speech, press, religion, petition and assembly?
The First Amendment
Article II - Executive Branch
This branch of the government manages the day-to-day operations of government through various federal departments and agencies; elected president of the United States
Brutus I
the immense power of the federal government requires the people to sacrifice their liberties
Marbury v. Madison
In so holding, Marshall established the principle of judicial review, the power to declare a law unconstitutional
The 4th Amendment
The right to be secure against unreasonable searches and seizures
The 8th Amendment
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted
Article VII - Ratification
This article details all those people who signed the Constitution, representing the original 13 states.
Declaration of Independence
All people created equal (Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, Property)
McCulloch v. Maryland
The Court held that Congress had the power to incorporate the bank and that Maryland could not tax instruments of the national government employed in the execution of constitutional powers
Prevents the government from prosecuting or punishing a person twice for the same offense (double jeopardy)
The 5th Amendment
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed.
The 6th Amendment
Article IV - The States
The federal government guarantees a republican form of government in each state, protects the nation and the people from foreign or domestic violence, and determines how new states can join the Union
Federalist 10
a large republic will help control factions because when more representatives are elected, there will be a greater number of opinions
Shaw v. Reno
Redistricting plans based heavily on race must be held to a standard of "strict scrutiny" under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
The 9th Amendment
What amendment says that the enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people?
The 2nd Amendment
The right to bear arms
Article I - The legislative branch
The House of Representatives and the Senate; to make the laws
Articles of Confederation
limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at governing the continually growing American states
Baker v. Carr
legislative reapportionment (redrawing district lines) is a justiciable issue rather than a "political question"
No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
What does the 10th Amendment cover?
Article VI - Debts, supremacy, oaths
The U.S. Constitution, and all laws made from it, are the "supreme Law of the Land"
Federalist 70
Justifies executive strength by claiming that the slow-moving Congress, a body designed for deliberation, will be bestbalanced by a quick and decisive executive
Roe v. Wade
In the first trimester of pregnancy, the state may not regulate the abortion decision; only the pregnant woman and her attending physician can make that decision
The 7th amendment
In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved