Foundations of Government
Rule by the people and the consent of the governed.
What is democracy?
Type of government where power is shared between national and state levels, but the national is supreme.
What is federalism?
These "linkage institutions" connect citizens to their government (Name 3).
What are Elections, Political Parties, and Interest Groups (or Media)?
The specific article of the Constitution that outlines the powers of the Presidency.
What is Article II?
This President established the Executive Office of the President (EOP) in 1939.
Who is FDR?
The model of democracy where broad participation allows citizens to influence policy directly.
What is Participatory Model?
Federal grants given to states for specific purposes that often require "matching funds."
What are Categorical Grants?
The process by which individuals acquire their political beliefs and values.
What is Political Socialization?
Presidential directives that carry the force of law but do not require Congressional approval.
What are Executive Orders?
The President whose "Great Society" created Medicare and Medicaid.
Who is LBJ?
This group opposed the Constitution because it gave the national government too much power.
What are Anti-federalists?
This 1819 case upheld the national bank based on the "Necessary and Proper" clause.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
The first two states to nominate presidential candidates via primary and caucus.
What are New Hampshire and Iowa?
The White House official who acts as the "gatekeeper" to the President.
Who is the Chief of Staff?
He pardoned Richard Nixon, ensuring Nixon would never face trial for Watergate.
Who is Ford?
The division of government into three branches, each with its own distinct powers.
What is separation of powers?
The 1995 case where the Court ruled Congress exceeded its authority under the Commerce Clause.
What is U.S. v. Lopez?
This 2002 law, also known as McCain-Feingold, sought to eliminate soft money.
What is BCRA?
The claim that the President can withhold information from the public, courts, or Congress.
What is Executive Privilege?
The only three Presidents to have been officially impeached.
The court case that established the principle of Judicial Review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
The era of federalism (1801–1933) characterized by clear, "layer cake" divisions of power.
What is dual federalism?
The press role of keeping track of polls and "who is winning" during a campaign.
What is Scorekeeper?
Written comments issued at the time of signing a bill, often claiming parts of it are unconstitutional.
What are Presidential Signing Statements?
This official gathers agency funding requests to report them to the President for the budget.
Who is the OMB Director?