Chapter 1: Founding Principles
The Founding Fathers gained much of their wisdom from...
The Enlightenment
Please list the brief outline of the US Constitution (include all 3 parts with numbers when appropriate).
What does the idea of federalism say?
Power is split/divided amongst the various levels of government (national, state, local)
What case discussed a state taxing the national bank created by Congress?
McCulloch v. Maryland
This document believes Necessary and Proper & Supremacy Clauses make federal power unlimited
Brutus #1
What are the 3 types of representative democracies?
Participatory, Pluralist, and Elite
Describe the result of the Connecticut Compromise at the Constitutional Convention (what did it create?)?
The creation of a bicameral legislature known as Congress
What are federal grants? Why are they used?
Federal money given to states to help address national issues
This case dealt with state vs federal jurisdiction with guns on school premises.
US v. Lopez
Without this document the Constitution could have never been written... two possible answers maybe...? But pick the BEST one.
Declaration of Independence
The first political parties were known as Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Please list 2 differences amongst the two groups.
Federalists:
Strong central govt, Hamilton/Madison/Jay, Wealthy/Elite, Federalist Papers/Publius
AntiFeds: Strong state govt, Jefferson, Farmers, AntiFederalist Papers/Brutus
Briefly discuss what each article discussed.
2: EB
3: JB
4: Relations Among States
5: Amendment Process
6: Central Government Supremacy
7: Ratification
What are the "strings attached" to grants that often force states to comply with a directive from the federal government?
What major clause allowed Congress to create the national bank in McCulloch v. Maryland?
Necessary and Proper
What SPECIFIC issue in the Articles of Confederation led to the decision to create a new government after Shays Rebellion?
The lack of military power from the central government
The earliest example of self-government was...
Mayflower Compact
The legislative process at the national level of government (and even amendment process) reflects the intent of the framers of the Constitution to create a legislature that would be...
Slow & purposeful
Explain the difference between cooperative and dual federalism.
Cooperative allows national and state to share powers (like taxes) while dual allows levels to operate separately (interstate vs intrastate commerce)
What major clause backfired when Congress tried enforcing federal legislation when Lopez brought the gun on school grounds?
Commerce Clause
In Federalist #10 the writers supported a strong central government to maintain stability and protect minority rights. What two types of democracies did they support?
Pluralist and Elite
Please match the Philosopher with the principle.
Philosophers: Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau, Montesquieu
Principles: Popular Sovereignty, Limited Gov/Separation of Powers, Natural Law, Social Contract (didn't write it but advocated for it!).
Locke: Natural Law
Hobbes: Social Contract
Rousseau: Popular Sovereignty
Montesquieu: Limited Gov/Separation of Powers
The following clauses can be found in the US Constitution. Please BRIEFLY discuss the meaning/purpose of each:
Necessary and Proper (Art. I), Full Faith & Credit, Privileges and Immunities, and Extradition (Art. IV), Supremacy Clause (Art. VI), and Equal Protection & Due Process (14th Am).
Nec/Prop: implied powers of Congress
Full Faith: states must honor others licenses/certificates
Privileges: states can't discriminate against members of others
Extradition: return run away convicts
Supremacy: national over state
Equal Protection: equal protection under the law
Due Process: rights can't be taken unless fair legal process
What is the major difference between categorical and block grants?
Categorical: grants given with strict instruction/requirements
Block: grants given that allow for broad use
Describe the major difference between US v. Lopez and McCulloch v. Maryland.
In McCulloch, the Court ruled in favor of the federal government, increasing their power. In Lopez, the Court gave back power to the States.
What was the ultimate goal of Federalist #51?
Protect minority rights from majority rule (without protections, the majority could abuse its power and pass laws that harm or silence smaller or less powerful groups