Court Cases
What clause did Congress use to argue for their side in US v. Lopez?
The Commerce Clause
What is popular sovereignty?
Government at the consent of the governed
What is the Elitist model of democracy?
A small, privileged minority makes the decisions of government
In the Articles of Confederation, what was the relationship between state power and national power?
State power was extremely strong, while national power was extremely weak
Did Federalists prefer a strong or weak national government?
Strong
What is Federalism?
The sharing of power between the Federal and State governments
What were the 2 constitutional questions in McCulloch v. Maryland?
Did Congress have the right to establish US Bank
Did the Maryland tax unconstitutionally interfere w/ congressional powers?
What 3 things did American revolutionaries believe men were entitled to?
Life, Liberty, and Property
In the Bureaucratic Theory of Democracy, who has the power?
Day-to-day Government workers
How did the Court system work under the Articles of Confederation?
There wasn't one
How can an amendment be made to the Constitution?
2/3 majority in both houses and 3/4 of state legislature approval
What is a categorical grant?
A sum of money granted to states by the Federal government to be used on a specific thing, e.g., rebuilding the Key Bridge
What act of the Federal Government did Alfonso Lopez violate?
Gun Free School Zones Act
What did Baron Montesquieu argue for?
Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches
According to the Pluralist Theory of Democracy, how is balance maintained between groups?
Coalitions and competition
How many houses did Congress have under the AOC?
1
What was the 3/5ths Compromise?
Slaves counted as 3/5s of a person in counting House seats, but slavery could not be abolished until 1808
Who popularized the idea of Devolution?
Reagan
What kind of power did McCulloch v. Maryland establish?
Implied powers
Every man is entitled to Life, Liberty and Property, and no man ought to damage another's
Did Karl Marx believe his model of democracy(Marxist) was NOT morally correct?
How many votes of states are required to pass a law under the AOC?
9/13
What were the Virginia, New Jersey, and Connecticut plans, and which did the Constitution go with?
Virginia Plan- Favors large states, 2 houses, Representation based on population
New Jersey Plan- One House, One vote each, Favored small states
Connecticut Plan - Bicameral, House is population based, Senate has 2 senators per state elected by State legislatures
Ended up with Connecticut Plan
Name three examples of reserved powers
Licensing(marriage, professional certification, etc.)
Public Education(K-12)
INTRAstate Commerce(alcohol)
Conduction Elections
Health(before Medicare/Medicaid)
Police/public safety power
More can be accepted
What was Congress' argument in US v. Lopez?
Having a gun in a school zone -> less safe areas -> less people go to those areas -> affects Commerce and so can be regulated under the Commerce Clause
According to John Hobbes, when humans live in a state of nature WITHOUT governing, what happens?
Anarchy and War
Why do people not like to elect Catholic presidents?
If a Catholic president is elected, the Pope is the ruler of the country, not the President.
Many farmers told to take out loans for the war were imprisoned because they couldn't pay back their debts.
Name the first 10 Amendments
1. Freedom of Expression
2. Right to bear arms
3. No quartering of soldiers in homes
4. Search and Seizure rights
5. Due Process rights
6. Right to counsel + some other things
7. Right to jury in civil cases
8. No cruel or unusual punishment
9. Civil Rights not listed in the Constitution are still protected
10. All powers not enumerated to the Federal government are automatically given to the states
Dual Federalism/Layered Cake Federalism vs. Cooperative/Marble Cake Federalism
In dual federalism, the Federal government and state governments stay within their respective spheres of control. In cooperative federalism, the Federal government gets more involved in state affairs.