Basics of Democracy
The idea that the government’s right to rule comes from the people
Popular Sovereignty
This compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators. List both names for this compromise.
Connecticut Compromise and The Great Compromise
List the names of systems of government in order.
1. A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government.
2. A government that divides the powers of government between the national and state government.
3. A government with where the smaller/state governments within a larger political unit have the majority of power, and the central government has limited powers.
1. Unitary System
2. Federal System
3. Confederation/Confederal System
This conflict in Massachusetts caused many to criticize the Articles of Confederation and admit the weak central government was not working; uprising led by this former Revolutionary leader in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay taxes.
Shay's Rebellion
This document was based on Locke's ideas of natural rights and responded to the mistreatment of colonists by King George III.
The Declaration of Independence.
A form of government where people choose their representatives to make decisions for them
Republic
Name these concessions that were made on the road to creating and ratifying the Constitution:
1. Prohibited Congress from making any law concerning the importation of slaves for 20 years.
2. Compromise between northern and southern states at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives.
1. Slave Trade Compromise
2. Three-Fifths Compromise
1. Those powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone.
2. Powers held jointly by the National and State Governments
3. Powers not specifically granted to the federal government or denied to the states belong to the states and the people.
1. Exclusive/Expressed/Enumerated Power
2. Concurrent Power
3. Reserved Powers
No tax, could not enforce laws, could not pay for a military, gave the states more power were some issues of this document.
Articles of Confederation
The Constitution
A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of hte other branches in order to prevent abuse of power.
Checks and Balances
This clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross stte lines or affect more than one state or nation.
Commerce Clause
Another name for this type of federalism, where it is thought of as a marble cake in which all levels of government are involved in a variety of issues and programs, rather than a layer cake, or dual federalism, with fixed divisions between layers or levels of government.
Cooperative Federalism
This document qarned of the dangers of a large republic.
Brutus 1
This amendment is where the equal rights protection clause is found.
The 14th amendment
An agreement between the people and their government signifying their consent to be governed.
Social Contract
This clause is the Constitution's requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.
Full faith and Credit Clause
Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services.
Block Grants
In this document, Madison argues the dangers of factions can be fixed by a large republic
Federalist #10
The 17th amendment
List the theories of democracies in order:
1. A theory that political participation is essential for democratic government.
2. A theory of democracy that the elites have a disproportionate amount of influence in policy making.
3. A theory of democracy that emphasizes the role of Groups in policy making.
1. Participatory Democracy
2. Elite Theory
3. Pluralist Theory
Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution which allows Congress to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers of Congress. List the two names of this clause.
Elastic Clause and Necessary and Proper Clause
The transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states.
Devolution
What was the constitutional clause disputed in U.S. v Lopez?
Commerce Clause
What were the two clauses that were disputed in McCulloch v. Maryland?
Supremacy Clause and Necessary and Proper Clause