The Presidency
If the president were to deploy troops to another nation, he’d be exercising which formal power?
Commander in Chief
The largest source of federal revenue comes from __________.
Income Taxes
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA) are examples of which type of agencies?
Independent Executive Agencies
Which comparison of political parties and interest groups is accurate?
A. Political parties have small constituencies while interest groups inform and educate voters on certain issues
B. Political parties recruit and nominate candidates while interest groups seek to influence public policy
C. Political parties donate money to candidates while interest groups are barred by law from donating money to campaigns
B. Political parties recruit and nominate candidates while interest groups seek to influence public policy
Partisan politics can informally check the president’s power in what way?
Prevent the president’s agenda from being implemented.
In general, Congress is most likely to defer to the president regarding what type of policy?
Foreign Policy
Which group is responsible for preparing executive spending proposals that get submitted to Congress?
The OMB
If a bureaucratic agency implements policy setting emission standards for automobiles, this is an example of _______.
Regulatory policy/
Rule making authority
If people benefit from an interest group without making any kind of contribution, it is known as _______.
The free-rider problem
Describe a way the Senate alone could check the President’s power.
Vote by ⅔ to remove after impeachment trial
Rejects nominees to the court, cabinet, ambassadors
Refuse to ratify a treaty
By making the statement that “energy in the executive is a leading character in the definition of good government” Hamilton is arguing for what type of executive?
Single executive who can respond quickly and decisively to issues
Federal benefits that must be funded by Congress and must be paid to all citizens who meet eligibility criteria are called
Entitlement programs
Iron triangles are “policy alliances” that involve which 3 groups?
Legislative Committee, Bureaucratic Agency and Interest Group
Which model or theory of democracy emphasizes the role of interest groups in promoting competition for policymaking?
Pluralism
Describe 1 way Congress can check on the Bureaucracy.
create or abolish agencies & departments
cut or reduce funding
investigate agency activities/oversight
hold committee hearings
pass legislation that alters an agency's functions
influence or even fail to confirm presidential appointments
Which informal power is the president likely to use when a compromise or decision on policy cannot be reached with Congress?
Executive Order
Policy that describes taxing, spending, borrowing and the federal budget is known as _________, whereas policy created by the FED to control interest rates and inflation is known as __________.
Fiscal policy vs.
Monetary policy
If the Department of Labor rewrites its regulations regarding compensation and pensions into plain language that is easier for beneficiaries to understand, they are using which kind of power?
Discretionary Authority
Provide TWO examples of ways in which interest groups advance their cause or influence the government.
Lobbying
Advocating/Informing
Electioneering/Fundraising/PACs
Litigation
Going Public
Explain an example of the ways Congress has used legislation to limit the President's power.
-By passing a budget that either expands for decreases spending differently from how the president initially proposed
-By passing laws such as the War Powers Act or Budget Impoundment Control Act
-By creating a dept/agency in the bureaucracy that the president must adhere to
Describe a formal check on the president’s power.
Congressional powers/ Passing legislation
Impeaching and removing the president
Overriding presidential vetoes
State of the Union
Electoral College rules
Judicial Review
When the government adopts economic measures adhering to Keynesian economics, what is likely to be the case?
Increased government spending on programs
The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 changed the federal bureaucracy in what way?
Replaced patronage/the spoils system (Jackson) with a merit system for hiring and promoting government jobs
Describe what it means for an interest group to be known as a linkage institution.
facilitate citizen participation in government, inform the public and represent varying positions on issues
organize ways to take collective action through voting, fundraising, and disseminating information about their issues to elected officials and the public.
Describe one way Hamilton argues in Fed 70 that it's easier to check the president if the position is given to a singular executive rather than a plural executive.
-increased accountability to hold 1 person responsible for decisions/actions
-voters have choice in next election if previous president needs to be replaced
-single executive is easier to blame for misconduct rather than a group