American Founding
When developing our founding documents, the Founding Fathers incorporated the principle of natural rights, which they adopted from this philosopher
Who is John Locke?
These powers, such as immigration control, are issued to the national government simply due to the fact that they are the head of a sovereign state
What are inherent
powers?
Article 5 outlines this element of the Constitution
What is the amendment process?
Taking into account Hobbes’ view that human nature is selfish and fallen, the founders decided upon this form of government
What is representative (indirect) democracy/republic?
This convention plan most closely adhered to the original Articles of Confederation
What is the New Jersey Plan?
Realizing the national government was lacking, this uprising was a major factor leading the Founders to the Philadelphia Convention
What is Shay’s Rebellion?
This Constitutional principle states that the government derives their power from the consent of the governed
What is popular sovereignty?
This amendment to the Constitution grants several trial rights, including the right to an attorney as well as a speedy and public trial
What is the 6th amendment?
Sovereign states bound together by a loose central government is known as this type of government
What is a confederation (confederate government)?
These are two key elements of the Great (Connecticut) Compromise
What is a bicameral legislature, House by population and Senate equal, both houses must pass all legislation?
Under the Articles of Confederation, this number of states had to agree to pass any laws
What is 9?
Marbury v. Madison solidified this implied Constitutional principle
What is Judicial Review?
Article 6 includes this clause, which declares the power of the Constitution/federal government as the highest power in the land
What is the Supremacy Clause?
In this system, states derive their authority from a central government
What is a unitary system?
The three fifths compromise allowed southern states to partially count slaves in terms of these two areas
What are representation and taxation?
These are two weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
What are: no power to tax, no power to regulate trade, no national judiciary, no power to draft an army, etc.?
The power to propose and ratify formal amendments is a clear example of this Constitutional principle
What is Federalism?
In Federalist Number 51, Madison argues the benefits of this element of the Constitution to raise support for the new republic
What is the Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances?
This primary fear drove the structure of government created under the Articles of Confederation
What is the fear of too much centralized power?
This executive compromise was formed because the founders were torn between the voice of the people and the wisdom of the legislatures
What is the Electoral College?
This common feature of state constitutions was demanded by anti-federalists during ratification
What is a Bill of Rights?
This enlightenment thinker and author of The Spirit of Laws, advocated the separation of powers
Who is Montesquieu?
This is the method in which 26 out of the 27 formal amendments have been passed
What is proposal by 2/3 of Congress and ratification by ¾ of state legislatures
This Federalist paper argued that a large republic is best suited to control the effects of factions
What is Federalist #10?
While the Federalists compromised with a Bill of Rights, many of those liberties would not be incorporated to the states until years later with the help of this amendment
What is the 14th?