Vocab terms
The right to life, liberty, and property, which no government may take away
What is natural rights?
Self-educated English Enlightenment philosopher and women's activist who helped start Feminism
Who was Mary Wollstonecraft?
"Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains. This is because Man has given up his freedom to many masters (kings) in order to preserve his life."
What is The Social Contract (Jean-Jacques Rousseau)?
A political statement in which the government's power is restricted by laws or a written constitution
What is limited government?
Believed that the government's duty is to protect the people's natural rights
Who was John Locke?
"In order to live a more contented life and escape that miserable condition of war, men must give up their freedom to the State"
What is The Leviathan (Thomas Hobbes)?
The principle that a government derives its power from the consent of people, primarily through their elected representatives
What is popular sovereignty?
A french philosopher during the Enlightenment era. In one of his best known work, The Spirit of Laws (1777), he explains his theory of separation of powers and checks and balances
Who was Charles de Montesquieu?
"All men are naturally born in a state of perfect freedom equal and independent to act how they want to"
What is Second Treatise on Government (John Locke)?
The principle of governing through elected officials
What is republicanism?
French philosopher and author during the Enlightenment era who viewed the government as "corrupted"
Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseu?
"The power of the first (legislative) is to create laws and to amend change those that have been already created. The power of the second (executive) is to maintain the public security by enforcing the laws. The power of the (third) to the girl is to punish criminals and settle the dispute that arises between individuals. there would be no freedom if the same man or the same group of men control of those three powers at once"
What is The Spirit of Laws (Charles de Montesquieu)?
An agreement between people and the government in which the citizens consent to be governed so long as the government protects their natural rights
What is social contract?
One of the first English Enlightenment philosophers. He believed in a strong government based on reason.
Who was Thomas Hobbes?
This philosopher has once stated, "All educated man who written on the subject of female education and behavior have depicted woman as artificial, weak characters, and useless members of society"
Who was Mary Wollstonecraft?