Amendments
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense.
Amendment 6
A case in which the Court held that the First Amendment prohibited the state of Wisconsin to require Amish children to attend public school
Wisconsin v. Yoder
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America is the pronouncement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Declaration of Independence
Describes the design of the legislative branch of the US Government
Article 1
The closing of a debate in both chambers
Cloture
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Amendment 3
one of the first and most important Supreme Court cases on federal power. In this case, the Supreme Court held that Congress has implied powers derived from those listed in Article I, Section 8. The “Necessary and Proper” Clause gave Congress the power to establish a national bank.
McCulloch v. Maryland
An agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first frame of government. It was approved after much debate by the Second Continental Congress
Articles of Confederation
Outlines the relationship between the various states, as well as the relationship between each state and the United States federal government. It also empowers Congress to admit new states and administer the territories and other federal lands.
Article 4
Ensures each district is equal
Reapportionment
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Amendment 8
A case in which the Court held that the redistricting of North Carolina was evidence of an attempt to separate voters based on race
Shaw v. Reno
argues in favor of the unitary executive created by Article II of the United States Constitution. According to Alexander Hamilton, a unitary executive is necessary to: ensure accountability in government. enable the president to defend against legislative encroachments on his power.
Fed 70
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
Article 6
To prolong the debate with useless information. The senate can only be closed by a 3/5’s vote for a culture.
Filibuster
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
Amendment 10
___ was charged with conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act of 1917 by attempting to cause insubordination in the military and to obstruct recruitment.
Schenck v. US
addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers
Fed 51
The judicial Power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish
Article 3
Provided that federal government jobs be awarded on the basis of merit and that government employees be selected through competitive exams.
Pendleton Act
After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
Amendment 18
A case in which the Court found that a short school prayer authorized by New York public school officials violates the Establishment Clause
Engel v. Vitale
Fed 81
Sets the number of state ratifications necessary for the Constitution to take effect and prescribes the method through which the states may ratify it.
Article 7
Couldn’t publish derogatory campaign ads between a certain time period before and after an election (struck down by Citizens United v. FEC). The only way for the national government to control reserved powers is through grants or amendments
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act