a philosophy that emphasizes the idea that judges should be involved in righting social wrongs
What is judicial activism
100
interrelationship among bureaucratic agency, congressional committee and interest group that serves to benefit those involved
What is iron triangle
100
the process of determining one's political behavior. Influences include family, religion, socio-economic background
What is political socialization
100
election in which a party's candidates for public office are nominated by people going to the polls and voting
What is direct primary
100
Court incorporated 4th Amendment protections against illegal searches. Said evidence obtained illegally must be excluded at trial (exclusionary rule)
What is Mapp v Ohio
200
Chief Justice whose court's issued landmark decisions involving establishing the power of the federal government such as Marbury v Madison, McCulloch v Maryland and Gibbons v Ogden
Who is John Marshall
200
policy that results in government control over individuals and businesses. Examples includen environmental protection and consumer protection
What is regulatory policy
200
declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, they were passed by southern states after the Civil War and aimed at making reading a requirement for voting so that freed slaves could not vote
What is literacy tests
200
party regulars meet in small groups to nominate candidates
What is caucus
200
Court incorporated 6th Amendment right to counsel in criminal cases to the states by the 14th Amendment
What is Gideon v Wainwright
300
ruling in 1819 that established the principle that the federal government was supreme over the states
What is McCulloch v Maryland
300
the ability of a bureaucratic agency to craft the specific rules and policies that are necessary to implement a law passed by Congress
What is bureaucratic discretion
300
made illegal by the Twenty-Fourth Amendment, it was a tax instituted mainly by southern states as a condition to vote
What is poll tax
300
groups that raise money from the members of special interest grouops and make contributions to political campaigns on behalf of that interest group
What is PAC
300
Court ruled that obscene materials were not protected by the 1st Amendment. Devised test for obscenity
What is Miller v California
400
Latin for judicial precedent...means that judges settle disputes based on custom, tradition and previous rulings
What is stare decisis
400
law that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit, not political spoils
What is Pendleton Act
400
A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment.
What is Civil Rights Act 1964
400
tax-exempt nonprofit organization in the United States that can make unregulated donations toward "party building" activities
What is 501 and 527 organizations
400
Court ruled that nondenominational prayer in school violates the establishment clause of the 1st Amendment
What is Engel v Vitale
500
Latin for "friend of the court"; briefs that are sent to the court by outside parties in order to try to influence the outcome
What is amicus curiae brief
500
A government agency that operates like a business, created to secure greater freedom of action and flexibility for a particular program. example US Post Office
What is government corporation
500
A law passed at the time of the civil rights movement. It eliminated various devices, such as literacy tests, that had traditionally been used to restrict voting by black people.
What is Voting Rights Act 1965
500
is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the campaign finance legislation in the United States
What is Federal Elections Commission
500
Court ruled that President Nixon’s efforts to prevent the publication of the Pentagon Papers that it termed “classified information” violated the 1st Amendment freedom of the press.