Civil Liberties
Criminal abortion laws violate the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment, which protects the implied right to privacy in the 9th Amendment
What is Roe v. Wade?
In this SCOTUS case, race-based school segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
Giving power back to the states
What is devolution?
The pseudonym used by the authors of the Federalist Papers.
Who is Publius?
Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
What is the 8th Amendment?
Established a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even in cases involving national security
What is New York Times v. U.S.?
Banned laws that stopped African Americans from voting
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Type of federalism where national and state powers are divided and separate
What is dual federalism (layer cake)?
Essay that argues that liberty is safest in a large republic due to the existence of many factions
What is Federalist 10?
This Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
What is the 4th Amendment?
Public school students may wear armbands to class in protest of the Vietnam War since such displays do not disrupt classes
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
Colleges could use race in determining if they are going to accept a student or not
What is affirmative action?
Type of federalism where the division of powers is not clear and responsibilities overlap between national and state governments
What is cooperative federalism (marble cake)?
Argues that separation of powers within the national government is the best way to prevent concentration of power in the hands of one person or single group
What is Federalist 51?
Explanation of what a prisoner is being charged with and why they’re not being released
What is a writ of habeas corpus?
Compelling Amish students to attend school past 8th grade violates the Free Exercise Clause of the 1st Amendment
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
Racial segregation not done by law
What is de facto segregation?
Type of federalism where the national government uses money to force states to comply with federal law
What is fiscal federalism?
The federal judiciary must depend on the other two branches to uphold its decisions
What is Federalist 78?
This Amendment protects you from self-incrimination
What is the 5th Amendment?
The 2nd Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
Levels of scrutiny developed by SCOTUS to determine equality classifications under the Equal Protection Clause
What are standards of review?
Type of grant that is specific as to how states can spend money
What is a category grant?
Supports the idea of the presidency as a branch united in one individual that can execute the law quickly while remaining constrained by their sole responsibility for action to the people through elections
What is Federalist 70?
This case extended defendants the right of counsel in all state and federal criminal trials, regardless of their ability to pay
What is Gedeon v. Wainwright?