Congress
Leader of the House of Representatives
What is the Speaker of the House?
President's role as leader of military
What is Commander in Chief
The court's ability to strike down a law or action in conflict with the constitution.
What is judicial review?
What is patronage?
Ruled that gerrymandering based only on racial groups was unconstitutional
What is Shaw v. Reno?
Permanent committees in Congress such as Veterans Affairs or Agriculture.
What are Standing Committees?
The President's address to the people in January. In the Constitution as "from time to time the President shall..."
What is the State of the Union
The authority to hear a case first, act as a finder of facts and decide a case.
What is Original Jurisdiction?
Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense, Secretary of the Treasury, Attorney General, + 11 others are all part of this.
What is the Cabinet (or Cabinet Agencies)?
Argued that the Judicial Branch would be the least powerful branch, and advocated for importance of judicial review
Who is Alexander Hamilton or Federalist #78?
The type of government spending that goes to programs like Medicare, Social Security and Medicaid.
What is Mandatory or Entitlement Spending?
Issued by a president to direct an executive agency to implement a policy.
What are Executive Orders?
The Supreme Court allowing a previous decision to stand, and avoid creating a new precedent.
What is Stare Decisis?
The EPA or CIA are examples of this.
What is an Independent Agency?
What is basis of the decision in Baker v. Carr?
The ability to call witnesses from bureaucratic agencies or other parts of the executive branch to congressional hearings
What is congressional oversight power?
President sending their message and goals directly to the people to pressure congress
What is the Bully pulpit?
When the Supreme Court decides to hear a case based on 4 or more justices agreeing to take on the case.
What is the rule of four?
Congressional subcommittees + a bureaucratic agency + interest group = -------------- (makes a lot of our policies)
What is an Iron Triangle?
Amendments that reduced presidential power by limiting the number of terms and allowing for removal by Cabinet.
What are the 22nd and 25th Amendments?
A power exclusive to the US Senate.
One of the following:
Advise and Consent (approve presidential nominations {federal judges/ambassadors/heads of agencies})
Ratify treaties
Remove an impeached president or judge (have the impeachment trial)
A linkage institution that connects the Presidency to the people. Some Presidents are better at working with this institute than others.
What is the media?
A philosophy of interpretation where justices wield their power of judicial review regularly, creating new policies.
What is judicial activism?
The SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) regulates financial markets and Wall Street. This is an example of a what type of agency in the bureaucracy?
What is an Independent Regulatory Commission?
The set of briefs sent to the Supreme Court by interest group, organizations, or the gov't.
What are amicus curiae briefs