Unit 1-2 Review
This is a form of government where representatives are elected by the people to make and enforce laws.
What is a democratic republic or republic?
This is the protection of citizens from abuses by the government.
What are Civil Liberties?
This SCOTUS case overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine from Plessy v. Ferguson and effectively ended segregation.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
This amendment allows the Bill of Rights to be incorporated/applied to the states.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This Amendment protects a person from self-incrimination and double jeopardy.
What is the Fifth Amendment?
What are checks and balances?
This prohibits the national government from supporting an official religion.
What is the Establishment Clause?
This SCOTUS case used the Establishment Clause to decide that schools cannot lead students in prayer.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This clause in the first amendment states people can believe what they want as long as that practice is not harmful to the public welfare (and was used in Wisconsin v. Yoder).
What is the Free Exercise Clause?
These types of restrictions on protests limit when/where protests can occur, but still allow people to practice their right to assemble and express their opinion.
What are time, place, and manner restrictions?
This SCOTUS case limited the power of the federal government by stating that Congress cannot use the commerce clause to overstep their constitutional power.
What is US v. Lopez?
This is the process by which the liberties and rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights are incorporated to the state governments
What is selective incorporation?
Schenck v. United States used this test to determine that the federal government could limit publication of pamphlets in times of war.
What is the clear and present danger test?
This Amendment protects citizens from cruel and unusual punishment or excessive bail.
What is the Eighth Amendment?
This clause of the First Amendment protects citizens from the government creating a national religion.
What is the Establishment Clause?
This concept shares power between the state and federal governments; types of this include "cooperative" and "dual."
What is federalism?
This form of segregation is due to previous conditions, not deliberate government intention or laws.
What is "de facto" segregation?
McDonald v. Chicago incorporated this Amendment to the states (meaning the states had to protect this right).
What is the right to bear arms/Second Amendment?
The 13th Amendment abolished this practice.
What is abolish slavery?
After a first attempt a negotiation, Dr. King recommended using this to create tension in a community in order to address Civil Rights violations.
What is nonviolent direct action?
This SCOTUS case expanded the federal government's power by allowing them to establish a national bank and not allowing the state government to tax it.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
This action can be taken by the president to restrict articles or books including sensitive information before they are published.
What is prior restraint?
This SCOTUS case used the 14th Amendment to incorporate the 6th Amendment to the states.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This Amendment allows men of all races to vote.
What is the 15th Amendment?
This rule ensures that evidence acquired during a wrongly warrantless search cannot be used in court.
What is the exclusionary rule?