Key Terms
$100: What term describes the mutually beneficial relationship between bureaucracies, interest groups, and congressional committees?
What are iron triangles?
$100: Name 3 linkage institutions.
Interest Groups
Media
Elections
Social Movements
Political Parties
$100: What is the primary function of political parties in elections?
What is to nominate candidates and mobilize voters?
$100: What is the name of the body that officially elects the President of the United States?
Electoral College
$100: What case discussed limits on independent expenditures by corporations and unions?
Citizens United v. FEC
$200: What term describes institutions like political parties, interest groups, and the media that connect citizens to the government?
What are linkage institutions?
$200: What is the term for a direct appeal to lawmakers by interest groups to influence legislation?
What is lobbying?
$200: What event is held by political parties to officially nominate their presidential candidate and adopt their platform?
National Conventions (DNC, RNC)
$200: What is a closed primary?
What is only those registered to the party to vote?
$200: What law created the Federal Election Commission (FEC) to oversee campaign finance laws?
Federal Election Campaign Act 1971 (FECA)
$300: What is the term for individuals who benefit from the work of interest groups but do not actively participate in or support the group?
What is the free rider problem?
$300: What concept supports the idea that individuals using social media see a lack of diversity in political discourse?
What is echo chambers?
$300: What term describes a significant and lasting shift in party loyalty among voters, often resulting in a new political era?
Realignment
$300: What amendment lowered the voting age to 18?
26
$300: What law aimed to regulate soft money and issue advocacy ads but was partially overturned by Citizens United?
What is the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA)?
$400: How was suffrage limited for Black Americans at different points in history (name 2 limits).
Poll tax, literacy tests, grandfather clause
$400: This concept states that candidates leading the polls get more coverage and thus are more likely to win the election.
What is self-fulfilling prophecy?
$400: What type of primary allows voters to select candidates regardless of their registered party?
Open Primary
$400: What is a major reason for low voter turnout in the United States?
Voting Registration, differences from state to state, no election holiday, etc.
$400: When it comes to finance, what parts of BCRA were struck down by the Citizens United case?
Limits on indirect donations(soft money) were struck down - including the inability to run ads during a restricted timeframe.
$500 (Key Terms): List the four models of voting behavior.
What are: rational choice voting, retrospective voting, prospective voting, and party-line voting
$500: List at least two effects of media partisanship.
polarization
mistrust in the media
mistrust in the government
confirmation bias
sensationalized news
misinformation/false news
biased advertising
$500: The amount of safe seats for political parties in Congress have increased. This also indicates an increase of ________?
What is gerrymandering.
$500: What type of organization can raise unlimited funds but cannot coordinate directly with candidates?
$500: What part of the Constitution was violated by BCRA?
1st Amendment