Urban Models & Theories
Model that illustrates the hierarchical spatial patterns/order of cities and settlements; based on economic functions/consumer behavior
What is Central Place Theory?
Metropolitan areas with populations of more than 10 million people.
What is a megacity?
Housing discrimination maintained by banks - starting in the 1930s, refusal to grant home loans in certain areas because of the ethnic or racial composition.
What is redlining?
This is one of the 2 major focuses of sustainable design.
What is the environment or high quality life and opportunities?
Transportation systems, power stations & lines , wifi, and sewage systems are examples of:
What is infrastructure?
In this urban model, cities develop around multiple focal points and build outwards to create a functional region.
What is Multiple Nuclei Model?
One particular city is extremely large in terms of population size AND economic, cultural and political influence.
What is a primate city?
Housing discrimination maintained by real estate industry - white families were encouraged to rapidly sell when African-American families moved into neighborhoods.
What is blockbusting?
An area of green space such as a park, agricultural land, or forest around an urban area intended to limit urban sprawl.
What is greenbelt?
Large cities that exert global economic, cultural, and political influence and make up a network of economic, social, and information flows.
What are world cities?
This urban model is characteristized by a port zone, which was the center of commerce in colonial times.
What is Southeast Asian City Model?
Model that illustrates the relationship between population distribution in cities that are interconnected in the urban hierarchy. Typically indicates somewhat even development.
What is rank-size rule?
Residential areas that are situated on undesirable/ abandoned land that are built with found materials and not connected to city services. Also referred to as slums, favelas, barrios, etc.
What are squatter settlements?
This separates urban areas from the surrounding natural and agricultural lands, or greenbelt
What is Urban Growth Boundary (UGB)?
Climate, landforms, availability of water, soil fertility, and other physical factors are examples of ________ factors.
What is site?
Most modern urban model; developed in the 1980s. Focuses on the decentralization and suburbanization of urban environments; includes edge cities
What is Galactic City Model?
The two characteristics used to determine where goods and services are located according to central place theory.
What is threshold and range?
Location where residents’ access to affordable, healthy food options (especially fresh fruits and vegetables) is restricted or nonexistent due to the absence of grocery stores within convenient traveling distance.
What is food desert?
Planned urban development that includes multiple uses such as retail, residential, educational, recreational and businesses
What is mixed-use development/zoning?
This is a place that feels suburban, but more closely resembles an urban city.
What is a boomburb?
Model that illustrates the spatial relationship/amount of interaction between locations of different sizes - flows of people, trade, traffic, communication, etc.
What is Gravity Model?
If a city follow's rank-size rule, and the population of the largest city is 12 million. The third largest city is (what size)?
What is 4 million?
This is the term for when communities of color and the poor are more likely to be exposed to environmental burden such as air and water pollution.
What is environmental injustice?
Utilization of mixed-use zoning policies in order to increase the use of already existing urban structures, create walkable and livable cities while maintaining a sense of place and increasing residential housing density:
What is smart growth OR new urbanism?
Community located on the outskirts of a larger city with commercial centers, office space, retail complexes, and amenities typically found in an urban center.
What is edge city?