Respiratory
The law stating that volume and pressure are inversely proportional within the lungs
Boyle’s Law
Hormone stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion
Cholecystokinin
The most common antibody produced in the immune system
IgG
Volume represents the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Four tissue layers of the gastrointestinal tract wall, ordered from deepest to superficial
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa
Activated B cells differentiate into ____, which synthesize and secrete antibodies
Plasma Cells
Abnormally slow breathing meant to conserve the amount of CO2 in the body (due to hypocapnia)
Hypoventilation
Finger-like extensions of the small intestine meant to increase surface area for absorption
Villi
Cytokines or toxins that signal the hypothalamus in the brain to raise the body's temperature set point
Pyrogens
Destruction of alveolar walls, reducing gas exchange surface area and causing barrel chest
Emphysema
Exocrine cells secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor
Parietal cells
Specialized cells—including macrophages and dendritic cells—ingest pathogens and present foreign antigens on MHC II
Antigen-Presenting Cells
Contraction of these two primary muscle groups expands the thoracic cavity during normal inhalation
The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
Ring-like smooth muscle movement that mixes food back and forth in the small intestine
segmentation
Secreted by virally-infected cells, these cytokines warn uninfected neighbor cells and activate Natural Killer (NK) cells
Interferons