Respiratory
When O2 diffuses from blood to tissues and CO2 diffuses from tissues to blood
What is Internal Respiration
A pressure in the lungs that matches atmospheric pressure when the airway is open
What is Intrapulmonary Pressure
The six major digestive processes
What are ingestion, propulsion, mechanical breakdown, digestion, absorption and defecation
Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins
What are macronutrients
Metabolic reactions that break down larger molecules
What are Catabolic Reactions
Zone extending from the nares to the terminal bronchioles
What is the Conducting Zone
The total pressure of a mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of its gases
What is Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
Protects the stomach against its own secretions
What is the mucosal barrier
Amino acids that your body cannot make. You must eat them.
Essential Amino Acids
Reactions that transfer electrons between molecules
What are redox reactions
Dead space left in the conducting zone
What is Anatomical Dead Space
The most important stimulus affecting breathing rate and depth
What is PCO2
The three organs and the substances they send to the duodenum
What are
The gallbladder sends bile,
The pancreas sends pancreatic juice,
The stomach sends chyme,
Fat Soluble Vitamins
What are A, D, E, K
The process in which Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid
What is anaerobic cellular respiration
Bronchial Tree beginning at trachea and ending at alveoli
What is Primary Bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles
Alveoli with high O2 and low CO2 get the most blood flow, and vise versa.
What is Ventilation-Perfusion coupling
The six types of intestinal crypt cells
What are Enterocytes, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, paneth cells, stem cells
An insoluble dietary fiber that helps move food through the gut
What is cellulose
When ATP synthase uses the power of a proton gradient to bind a phosphate group to an ADP, creating ATP
What is oxidative phosphorylation
Two things that decrease as you progress down the bronchial tree, and one thing that increases as you progress down the bronchial tree
What are:
Cartilage and ciliated cells decrease.
Smooth muscle increases
In body tissues, lower O2 pressure increases the capacity of hemoglobin to carry CO2
What is the Haldane Effect
The reason the pylorus regulates the amount of chyme entering the duodenum at one time
What is "chyme is hypertonic to blood -> could therefore cause osmotic draw of water from the blood into the small intestine = water loss"
What are 1) Vitamin absorption 2) Energy Storage 3) Insulation 4) Cushioning 5) Membranes
Electron transport molecules in the electron transport chain
What are NADH + H+ and FADH2