Organs
What is Cardiac Arrest?
-The heart suddenly stops beating, stopping the blood pumping.
-The person has no pulse and passes out and doesn't breathe.
-Electrical malfunction that makes the heart beat irregularly or stop completely, causing blood to stop flowing.
What's a key part of a cardiac muscle cell that isn't in skeletal muscle?
An intercalated disc
What organ/system does Asthma effect?
-Respiratory system
-Lungs & airway (bronchial tubes)
What is an example of a ball and joint socket in the human body?
-Shoulder joint
-Hip joint
The replication of DNA occurs when?
-During the S phase (synthesis phase) of the cell cycle, before the cell divides into two new daughter cells.
-The S phase of interphase
What structure is located beneath the diaphragm in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity?
-The spleen
Where can you find smooth muscle?
-Walls of internal organs, such as the stomach and intestine
When does congenital heart disease occur?
-At birth
How many bones does an adult have?
What do we have in common with giraffes? A&P wise.
We have the same number of neck vertebrae as a giraffe (7)
What chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
-Right ventricle
What are the names of the muscles that make up the hamstrings?
-The biceps femoris
-The semitendinosus
-The semimembranosus
What is EDS?
-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
-A group of inherited connective tissue disorders that affect the body's ability to produce or use collagen, a protein that provides strength and flexibility to tissues.
-Double-jointed
What type of arthritis is caused by a build-up of uric acid crystals in the joints?
Gout
What are the six levels of structural organization?
-Chemical -Organ
-Cellular -Organ system
-Tissue -Organismal
Primarily a blood filter that recycles iron, what purple organ connected to the posterior wall of the stomach is largest collection of lymphoid tissue in the human body?
Spleen
How does carpal tunnel syndrome cause weakness?
By compressing the median nerve, which controls thumb muscles, leading to reduced nerve signals to these muscles.
Name the ABCDE mnemonic doctors use to help diagnose early stage Melanoma.
Since a skeleton can't just tell you how old they are, a pretty reliable indicator of a corpse's age are what upper torso bones that are among the last to completely fuse?
Clavicle
What nerve in the arm has to be transferred to another part of the arm in some people?
-Ulnar nerve
-In some people, it flips over the medial epicondyle (bony end of elbow), causing pain/numbness. It is transferred over or in the muscle in the forearm next to the bone.
How much water is the brain made up of?
About 75% of the brain is made up of water
This means that dehydration, even as small as 2%, can have a negative effect on brain functions.
How do curare, cobra venom, or nerve gases (like Sarin) disrupt neuromuscular transmission and muscle function?
By blocking acetylcholine (ACh) receptors on the muscle side of the neuromuscular junction, preventing nerve impulses from triggering muscle contraction. In contrast, nerve agents like Sarin inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), leading to a dangerous accumulation of ACh and muscle overstimulation followed by paralysis
What is FOP and what does it effect? (A nickname of it works too)
-Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (Stone man syndrome)
-A genetic disorder where muscle and connective tissue are gradually replaced by bone, leading to permanent anatomical changes.
-Primarily affects the musculoskeletal system
What is the name of the bone that is the protruding part of the cheek as well as forming the lower part of eye socket?
Zygomatic bone
The “Adams’ Apple” is called what?
Thyroid cartilage